Nanobiochar: production, properties, and multifunctional applications

Abstract

Nanobiochar has received much recent attention among engineered biochars owing to its useful chemical and physical properties. Research efforts have attempted to discover novel methods for nanobiochar preparation and applications....

Biochar for agronomy, animal farming, anaerobic digestion, composting, water treatment, soil remediation, construction, energy storage, and carbon sequestration: a review

“…Nanobiochar has gained popularity in recent years due to its ability to combine the benefits of nanotechnology and biochar technology, as well as its beneficial chemical and physical properties. The rotational speed, ball-to-power mass ratio, and milling duration all have an effect on the final nanobiochar's particle size and surface energy (Ramanayaka et al 2020 ).…”

“…Nanobiochar is distinguished from pristine biochar by its substantially larger surface area, graphitic character and significantly negative zeta potential (Oleszczuk et al 2016 ). Additionally, nanobiochar produced at low temperatures, such as 300 and 400 °C, followed by ball milling, has a surface area range of 5.6–47.2 m 2 g −1 , whereas nanobiochar produced at high temperatures, such as 450 and 600 °C, has a much larger surface area range of 342–430 m 2 g −1 (Ramanayaka et al 2020 ; Lyu et al 2018a ). Ball-milled biochars had finer particle sizes of 140–250 nm vs 0.5–1 mm for unmilled biochar, and a higher concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups of 2.2–4.4 mmol g −1 vs 0.8–2.9 mmol g −1 for unmilled biochar (Lyu et al 2019 ).…”

Pyrolyzed biomass-derived nanoparticles: a review of surface chemistry, contaminant mobility, and future research avenues to fill the gaps

“…Unfortunately, these previous reviews focus solely on ENPs, such as fullerenes, nanotubes, and metal-oxides, as opposed to PBNPs leached from bulk biomass-derived adsorbents. Recent reviews, such as Ramanayaka et al ( 2020a ), provide a thorough review of nanobiochar, its synthesis, surface chemistry, and environmental applications such as soil amendment, but lack in discussion of the long-term persistence of PBNPs in the environment. This gap in understanding is likely because the scientific literature on PBNPs is just emerging and no long-term studies have been conducted.…”

Advances in Drug Delivery Nanosystems Using Graphene-Based Materials and Carbon Nanotubes

“…As one of the few forms of carbon, it has a traditional use in medicine, where it is again highly valued for its high sorption properties, not only as an oral adsorption detoxifier, but it is also currently used for the production of a new generation of so-called sorption dressings. Nanocharcoal has also been prepared in recent years and finds the same uses as activated carbon [98][99][100][101][102][103].…”