Nano-spatially confined and interface-controlled lithiation–delithiation in an in situ formed (SnS–SnS₂–S)/FLG composite: a route to an ultrafast and cycle-stable anode for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

The nano-spatially confined and interface-controlled lithiation/delithiation endows an in situ formed (SnS–SnS2–S)/FLG composite with ultrafast and ultrastable lithium storage.

Dual‐Carbon‐Confined SnS Nanostructure with High Capacity and Long Cycle Life for Lithium‐ion Batteries

“…Besides, peaks at 487.0 and 495.6 eV can be also observed, which are attributed to 3d 5/2 and 3d 3/2 of Sn 4+ , respectively. [38,39] The existence of Sn 4+ should be attributed to the surface oxidation of SnS. Based on peak areas, the ratios of Sn 4+ /Sn 2+ in SnS@C/rGO is determined as 0.58, which is lower than those of SnS@C (0.67), SnS/rGO (1.49), and B-SnS (1.49) (Figure 2b-d).…”

Microsized SnS/Few‐Layer Graphene Composite with Interconnected Nanosized Building Blocks for Superior Volumetric Lithium and Sodium Storage

“…As shown in Figure a, each Nyquist plot contains a depressed semicircle in high‐frequency region and a straight line in low‐frequency region, corresponding to the charge transfer and Li + diffusion, respectively. [ 24,42 ] The fitted results based on the equivalent circuit (Figure ) are summarized in Table . The SnS/FLG exhibits much lower resistance (161.5 Ω) than the SnS (415.2 Ω), which indicates the greatly improved conductivity due to the conductive FLG matrix.…”

“…[ 17‐23 ] Despite the significant promotion of gravimetric capacity and cycling performance, the nanostructure of these composites, along with the low tap density of carbon matrix, can inevitably hold down the volumetric capacity. [ 24,25 ] Additionally, the preparation of these composites often requires harsh conditions or complicated synthesis, which is harmful for industrial production. Therefore, facile scalable synthesis of SnS‐based anode materials with superior volumetric storage is still a great challenge.…”

Lithium Storage Properties of TiC‐Modified SnS2 Nanosheets

“…To address these flaws, many researchers try to improve electrochemical performances of SnS 2 ‐based anodes for Li‐ion batteries by choosing different materials and methods [9–23] . One strategy is to synthesize nanostructured SnS 2 , in forms including nanosheets, [11] nanospheres, [9] and nanowires [12] .…”

“…One strategy is to synthesize nanostructured SnS 2 , in forms including nanosheets, [11] nanospheres, [9] and nanowires [12] . The nanostructure can ameliorate the huge volume change in SnS 2 during cycling and also increase electrode/electrolyte contact areas, thus shortening the diffusion path of Li + : however, nanostructured SnS 2 is prone to severe structural agglomeration during cycling, degrading of its electrochemical performance [13] . Furthermore, another effective strategy is modifying the SnS 2 nanostructure with conductive materials, such as carbon nanotubes, [14] carbon nanofibers, [15] or graphene, [10,16] enhancing both its electronic conductivity and structural stability [17] .…”