Nano fibrillated cellulose‐based foam by Pickering emulsion: Preparation, characterizations, and application as dye adsorbent

Abstract

An ecofriendly and biodegradable porous structure was prepared from drying aqueous foams based on nano fibrillated cellulose (NFC), extracted from softwood pulp by subcritical water/CO 2 treatment (SC-NFC). The primary aim of this work was to use the modified SC-NFC as stabilizer for a water-based Pickering emulsion which upon drying, yielded porous cellulosic materials, a good dye adsorbent. In order to exploit the carboxymethylated SC-NFC (CMSC-NFC, with a degree of substitution of 0.35 and a charge density of 649 μeqv/g) as a stabilizer for water-based Pickering emulsion in subsequent step, an optimized quantity of octyl amine (30 mg/g of SC-NFC) was added to make them partially hydrophobic. A series of dry foam structures were prepared by varying the concentrations of treated CMSC-NFCs and 4 wt% was found to be the optimum concentration to yield foam with high porosity (99%) and low density (0.038 g/cc) along with high compression strength (0.24 MPa), superior to the conventionally extracted NFC. The foams were applied to capture as high as 98% of methylene blue dyes, making them a potential green candidate for treating industrial effluent. In addition, the dye adsorption kinetics and isotherms were found to be well suited with second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models.

Functionalized PVA film with good adsorption capacity for anionic dye

“…Several industries including textile, leather, paper, and plastics are the sources of dye effluents. [4] Because of their toxic nature, high solubility in water, low degradability, and complex structural compositions, they are extremely harmful and have carcinogenic effects on animals and humans, even at low concentrations. [5,6] Thus, in this regard, several techniques have been reported for purification of wastewater from dyes before they are discharged into the environment including biological, ion exchange, oxidation, coagulation-flocculation, membrane filtration, and adsorption methods.…”

“…[ 2, 3 ] These compounds are extremely toxic and have negative impacts on human health and aquatic life. [ 4 ] The most common organic pollutants in wastewater is the synthetic dyes which are discharged into the environment as a result of improper dyeing and treatment methods . Several industries including textile, leather, paper, and plastics are the sources of dye effluents.…”

Integration of benzoic acid‐loaded nanocellulose fibers on biodegradable poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) matrix and its application into food preservation

“…Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFCs) extracted from natural cellulose fiber has high aspect ratio (500-2000 nm in length with a diameter of 4-20 nm) with high surface area, high crystallinity, good mechanical and oxygen barrier property which is essential for preventing lipid oxidation in food. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] However, packaging film made of NFC suffers from high hygroscopicity, poor mechanical properties, and absence of heat-sealing ability. [15][16][17] Instead, coating of packaging film with NFCs may produce multifunctional package, 13,[18][19][20] especially if any antimicrobial agent is incorporated in NFCs prior to their coating onto the film.…”

Porous cellulose microspheres loaded with dry Nile water algae for removal of MB dye and copper ions from aqueous media

“…[37,38] So, numerous cellulose derivative-based biosorbents have been manufactured and effectively utilized to eliminate heavy metal ions from effluents. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45] The combination of Nile water algae, characterized by its high sorption capability, and cross-linked cellulose acetate in the form of microspheres, characterized by its high surface area and adsorptive ability, is a promising approach for enhancing the removal process and achieving great adsorption performance. This structure represents a novel combination, as it includes Nile water algae in the form of microspheres.…”

“…[ 37,38 ] So, numerous cellulose derivative‐based biosorbents have been manufactured and effectively utilized to eliminate heavy metal ions from effluents. [ 39–45 ]…”