N-octyl chitosan derivatives as amphiphilic carrier agents for herbicide formulations

Abstract

This study investigates the potential of N-octyl chitosan derivatives, namely N-octyl-O-sulfate chitosan (NOOSC), N-octyl-N-succinyl chitosan (NONSC) and N-octyl-O-glycol chitosan (NOOGC) as amphiphilic carrier agents for atrazine in water-insoluble herbicide formulations. The N-octyl chitosan derivatives were characterised using several analytical instruments such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometer, CHNS-O Elemental Analyser (CHNS-O), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), Thermogravimetric Analyser (TGA), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) and Fluorescence Spectrometer. The encapsulation of atrazine by N-octyl chitosan derivatives was studied using a High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The FTIR spectra of N-octyl chitosan derivatives confirmed the presence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups on chitosan backbone. TEM images revealed that N-octyl chitosan derivatives have formed self-aggregates with a spherical shape. The CMC values for N-octyl chitosan derivatives were between 0.06 and 0.09 mg/mL. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) values for amphiphilic chitosan were greater than 90%. The release profiles showed different release behaviour of pure herbicide in solution as compared to atrazine-loaded N-octyl chitosan derivatives. Results suggest that the chitosan derivatives offer promising characteristics that enable them to act as effective carrier agents for atrazine. In conclusion, the application of N-octyl chitosan derivatives could reduce the use of organic solvents in herbicide formulations by 37.5%.

Drug Polymeric Carrier of Aceclofenac Based on Amphiphilic Chitosan Micelles

“…Due to drug encapsulation, the diameters of ACF-loaded PMs (11.7–13.5 nm) were greater than those of blank PMs (6.5–7.5 nm), according to DLS data (Figure ). As previous studies have shown, , our PMs got bigger in size after being encapsulated with ACF, which indicates the success of ACF trapping inside the micelles. As the weight ratio of ACF to polymer increases, the average PM size tends to rise.…”

Surfactants in plant disease management: A brief review and case studies

“…Interestingly, several environmentally friendly surfactants are being developed, including the so‐called “green surfactants” (Castro et al, 2013b; Pinazo et al, 2019). Such synthetic surfactants include the nonionic alkyl polyglycosides (Pompeo et al, 2005), arginine‐based surfactants obtained by coupling amino acids to synthetic surfactants (Pinazo et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2008), chitosan derivatives (Kamari & Yusoff, 2019), and biosurfactants. Alternatively, different surfactants may be mixed to benefit from their synergistic effects (Soontravanich et al, 2008).…”