N-Nitrosocarbofuran, but not Carbofuran, induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in CHL cells

N-Nitrosocarbofuran Induces Apoptosis in Mouse Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (bEnd.3)

“…On the other hand, NOCF (3 -30 m M) induced remarkable cell death in a concentration- dependent and time-dependent manner. Our results are consistent with others that NOCF but not carbofuran has cytotoxicity in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast cells (17). Our results further support other studies that N-nitrosation greatly increased the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of N-methylcarbamates in Chinese hamster V79 cells (22,23).…”

Genotoxic and Carcinogenic Effects of Methyl Isocyanate (MIC) Reviewed on Exposed Bhopal Population and Future Perspectives for Assessment of Long-Term MIC-Effect

“…MIC, a reactive byproduct, is detrimental to numerous organ and its functional systems. It forms DNA cross links/adducts by reacting with exocyclic amino group of dNTPs, in turn contributing to cytotoxicity [58,59]. MIC intermediates (N-methylcarbamate) are also toxic to cultured mammalian cells [53,60,61].…”

Genetic Toxicological Profile of Carbofuran and Pirimicarb Carbamic Insecticides

“…When mutagenic activity was assessed in bacterial systems either positive or negative results have been reported. Carbofuran has been found to be non-mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium since negative or weak positive response were observed in the number of mitotic recombinants regardless of the presence or absence of a rat liver metabolic activation system (Blevins et al, 1977a;Gentile et al, 1982;Waters et al, 1982;Haworth & Lawlor, 1983;Hour et al, 1998;Yoon et al, 2001). These results indicate that carbofuran cannot be considered mutagenic in bacterial systems.…”

“…progression on mammalian cells was studied, carbofuran gave negative results in Chinese hamster ovary cells and lung fibroblasts (Yoon et al, 2001;Lin et al, 2007). On the other hand, Soloneski and co-workers (2008) reported a delay in the cell-cycle progression of Chinese hamster ovary cells after the insecticide treatment.…”

“…Controversial results were reported for the cell viability assay in mammalian cells, e.g., Chinese hamster lung and ovary cells after the exposure (Yoon et al, 2001;Soloneski et al, 2008). Finally, whereas carbofuran-induced apoptosis has been reported in rat cortical cells (Kim et al, 2004), negative results have been also observed in mouse brain microvascular entothelial cells and Chinese lung fibroblasts (Yoon et al, 2001;Jung et al, 2003). Similar end-points for both genotoxicity and cytotoxicity were also applied in in vivo systems.…”