N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone as a Cosolvent: Relationship of Cosolvent Effect with Solute Polarity and the Presence of Proton-Donating Groups on Model Drug Compounds

Role of n-methyl Pyrrolidone in the Enhancement of Aqueous Phase Transdermal Transport

“…Some preliminary evidence in support of this was obtained by IR spectroscopy (data not shown). This claim was reasonable, given that previous reports showed NMP can form hydrogen bonds with proton donor solutes 19. Therefore, as NMP flux increased, its affinity with lidocaine improved drug transport.…”

A physicochemical basis for the extensive intestinal lymphatic transport of a poorly lipid soluble antimalarial, halofantrine hydrochloride, after postprandial administration to dogs

“…However, due to the very low aqueous solubility of Hf and even Hf · HCl, the addition of a cosolvent was required. N ‐Methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) was chosen because it has been reported to be an effective cosolvent for several poorly water soluble drugs8 and, in comparison with other solvents was the most efficient in maintaining solubility of Hf · HCl in aqueous solution. Buffer solutions (20 mM, ionic strength adjusted to 0.1 M with sodium chloride) of pH values ranging from 2 to 10 were prepared using either phosphate, acetate, TRIS, or carbonate buffer salts and adjusted to the required pH using 1 N sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid.…”

Thermodynamics of the solubility of reserpine in {{2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol + water}} mixed solvent systems at different temperatures

“…Recently, 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol (Transcutol Ò ) has been investigated as an efficient co-solvent for solubility enhancement of several poorly water-soluble drugs [9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Various attempts via co-precipitation, solid dispersion and co-solvency approach have been made in order to enhance solubility and dissolution rate enhancement of reserpine [7,8,[16][17][18]. However, the thermodynamics of solubility of reserpine in various {2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethanol + water} mixed solvent systems have not been reported in literature.…”