N-Heterocyclic carbene palladium complex supported on ionic liquid-modified graphene oxide as an efficient and recyclable catalyst for Suzuki reaction

Abstract

An N-heterocyclic carbene Pd complex immobilized on GO with an ionic liquid framework synthesized by the modification of GO through a silylation reaction displayed a high catalytic activity in the Suzuki reaction.

Graphene Oxide-Supported Oxime Palladacycles as Efficient Catalysts for the Suzuki–Miyaura Cross-Coupling Reaction of Aryl Bromides at Room Temperature under Aqueous Conditions

“…Oxime palladacycles are considered reservoirs of highly active palladium nanoparticles [65][66][67]. Usually, PdNps supported on graphene materials are prepared by reduction of a Pd salt or Pd catalyst in the presence of the corresponding carbonaceous support [44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. Then, we next turned our attention to the reduction of 1 with NaBH4 and the catalytic activity of the supported PdNPs was thus obtained.…”

“…This type of catalyst has been mainly used in the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. However, to the best of our knowledge, only very recently has some attention been paid to the immobilization of palladacycles to graphene materials, with two studies having been reported so far using covalent immobilization strategies [63,64].…”

Gold nanoparticles decorated on a graphene-periodic mesoporous silica sandwich nanocomposite as a highly efficient and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for catalytic applications

“…Considering the G band and D band that represent the sp 2 and sp 3 C atoms, respectively, it can be anticipated that the increasing of the sp 3 hybridization structure (MPTMS) raises from the successful silylation modification. 19 The S 2p signal for Au NPs@HS-G-PMS hybrid includes two components. 16 Additionally, after conjugation of the Au NPs onto the HS-G-PMS sheets, the intensity of the Raman signals of graphene (D and G bands) were enhanced relative to HS-G-PMS, because of the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of Au NPs.…”

Suzuki-Miyaura C-C Coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Supported Pd Nanoparticles for the Preparation of Fluorinated Biphenyl Derivatives

“…This may be the reason for the lower Pd incorporation rate found for G-COOH-Pd-15. In general, these materials showed higher loading capacities than other silica-based materials reported previously by our group [12], similar Pd incorporation to that found for other C-based materials [15][16][17][18][19][20] and slightly lower than in the case of alumina submicronic particles [14]. Bearing in mind that the most effective incorporation of Pd in the material was achieved for G-COOH-Pd-10, this catalytic system was selected for the catalytic studies and for further characterization.…”

“…Thus, the ongoing research in this topic is very intensive because there is still much work that needs to be done to improve the catalytic performance of the supported systems. Therefore, many groups are working on supporting Pd nanoparticles onto mesoporous silica [11,12], alumina [13,14], graphene [15,16], modified graphene [17,18], graphene oxide [19], graphite oxide [20], reduced graphene oxide [21], or other carbon-based materials [22], for example, for the development of novel catalytic systems. However, with supported catalysts considerable work still needs to be carried out in order to increase the versatility of the reagents and products of the C-C coupling reactions.…”