n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the regulation of adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis in obesity: Potential relationship with gut microbiota

Zapata, Jaime; Gallardo, Andrés; Romero, Carmen; Valenzuela, Rodrigo; Garcia-Diaz, DF; Duarte, Lissette; Bustamante, Andrés; Gasaly, Naschla; Gotteland, Martín; Echeverría, Francisca

doi:10.1016/j.plefa.2021.102388

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…3,4 The key link between dietary patterns and insulin sensitivity is considered to be the gut microbiota. 5 A relationship was reported between the disorder of gut microbiota and the onset and development of insulin resistance. Reshaped gut microbiota changes the end products of fermentation, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are suggested to be involved in the beneficial effects of microbiota diversity on insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orally administered octacosanol improves liver insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice through the reconstruction of the gut microbiota structure and inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway

et al. 2023

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orally administered octacosanol improves liver insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice through the reconstruction of the gut microbiota structure and inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway

et al. 2023

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“…[45] Furthermore, we observed that other factors can undergo alterations induced by HF, BAs, and their receptor FXR, [46,47] which can inhibit or lead to changes in the intestinal microbiota and inflammation. [44,48] This condition was improved by FEX treatment in the HF group, which had increased circulation of secondary BAs, reduced hepatic synthesis of primary BAs, and increased BA utilization by the intestinal microbiota, thus favoring the increase in Figure 7. A high-fat diet causes increases in body mass, glucose intolerance, and insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Intestinal FXR Agonist Mitigates Dysbiosis, Intestinal Tight Junctions, and Inflammation in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

Petito‐da‐Silva,

Villardi,

Penna‐de‐Carvalho

et al. 2023

Molecular Nutrition Food Res

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ScopeTo analyze the effects of fexaramine (FEX), as an intestinal FXR agonist, on the modulation of the intestinal microbiota and ileum of mice fed a high‐fat (HF) diet.Methods and resultsThree‐month‐old C57Bl/6 male mice are divided into two groups and received a control (C, 10% of energy from lipids) or HF (50% of energy from lipids) diet for 12 weeks. They are subdivided into the C, C + FEX, HF, and HF + FEX groups. FEX is administered (FEX‐5 mg kg−1) via orogastric gavage for three weeks. Body mass (BM), glucose metabolism, qPCR 16S rRNA gene expression, and ileum gene expression, bile acids (BAs), tight junctions (TJs), and incretin are analyzed. FEX reduces BM and glucose intolerance, reduces plasma lipid concentrations and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, increases the Lactobacillus sp. and Prevotella sp. abundance, and reduces the Escherichia coli abundance. Consequently, the ileal gene expression of Fxr‐Fgf15, Tgr5‐Glp1, and Cldn‐Ocldn‐Zo1 is increased, and Tlr4‐Il6‐Il1beta is decreased.ConclusionFEX stimulates intestinal FXR and improves dysbiosis, intestinal TJs, and the release of incretins, mitigating glucose intolerance and BM increases induced by an HF diet. However, FEX results in glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and reduces intestinal TJs in a control group, thus demonstrating limitations to this dietary model.

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“…Moreover, the rs1527483 mutation was linked to increased SFA and reduced PUFA consumption in normal‐weight people (Meng et al, 2021). The dietary PUFAs, including omega‐6 ( n ‐6) and omega‐3 ( n ‐3) fatty acids, are essential in regulating inflammatory responses, notably n ‐3 PUFAs, which have beneficial effects on the management of obesity (Zapata et al, 2021). On the other hand, higher intake of n ‐6 PUFA diets has been linked to a higher risk of obesity (Gabbs et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CD36 genetic polymorphism and salivary cues are associated with oleic acid sensitivity and dietary fat intake

et al. 2023

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There is a lack of research on the combined effects of genetic variations (specifically CD36 SNPs—rs1761667 and rs1527483), dietary food habits (vegetarian or not), and the salivary environment on obesity and taste sensitivity, especially in the Indian population. The current study aims to better understand the relationship between impaired taste perception, fat consumption, higher BMI and obesity development by examining the combined association between CD36 SNPs, oleic acid (OA) detection threshold, and food habits among Indian participants. Furthermore, the relationship between oral fatty acid (FAs) sensitivity and taste physiology factors linked to inflammation and salivary proteins was considered. Participants with the minor allele (AA/AG) of CD36 (in both rs1527483 and rs1761667) consumed more fat, particularly saturated FAs (p = 0.0351). Salivary lipopolysaccharide, which causes inflammation, was significantly greater in non‐vegetarians with a higher BMI (p < 0.05), and it exhibited a negative correlation (r = −0.232 and p < 0.05) with Ki67 gene expression, a marker for taste progenitor cells. A positive correlation (r = 0.474, p = 0.04) between TLR4 mRNA levels and the OA detection threshold was also observed. Participants with BMI > 25 kg/m2 had substantially higher TNF‐α and IL‐6 receptor mRNA expression levels, but there were no significant differences between the vegetarian and non‐vegetarian groups. However, salivary CA‐VI, which has a buffering capability on the oral environment, was lower in non‐vegetarian adults with BMI >25. Thus, it was shown that non‐vegetarians with overweight and obesity in India were in at‐risk groups for the CD36 SNP (AA/AG at rs1761667 and rs1527483) and had higher levels of inflammatory markers, which exacerbated alterations in food behaviour and physiological changes, indicating their relevance in the development of obesity.

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n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the regulation of adipose tissue browning and thermogenesis in obesity: Potential relationship with gut microbiota

Cited by 14 publications

References 156 publications

Orally administered octacosanol improves liver insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice through the reconstruction of the gut microbiota structure and inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway

Orally administered octacosanol improves liver insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed mice through the reconstruction of the gut microbiota structure and inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB inflammatory pathway

An Intestinal FXR Agonist Mitigates Dysbiosis, Intestinal Tight Junctions, and Inflammation in High‐Fat Diet‐Fed Mice

CD36 genetic polymorphism and salivary cues are associated with oleic acid sensitivity and dietary fat intake

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