n-3 fatty acid ethyl ester administration to healthy subjects and to hypertriglyceridemic patients reduces tissue factor activity in adherent monocytes.

Abstract

n-3 Fatty acids are known to influence several functions of monocytes, including adhesion, cytokine synthesis, and superoxide generation. Monocytes express tissue factor, a membrane-bound grycoprotein, that acts as a catalyst in the coagulation cascade. In this study we evaluated the effects of administration of n-3 fatty acid ethyl esters to healthy volunteers and to hypertriglyceridemic patients on tissue factor activity (TF activity) in adherent monocytes. n-3 Fatty acids containing 75% eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (ratio of EPA to DHA, 1.34) were administered (3 g/d) to normal volunteers for 18 weeks. In addition, the effects of this treatment were evaluated in 30 hypertriglyceridemic patients for 24 weeks by using a doubleblind, placebo-controlled study. TF activity in adherent monocytes was evaluated with a one-stage clotting assay. Plasma and monocyte fatty acid compositions were determined by gasliquid chromatography. In healthy volunteers, n-3 fatty acids significantly reduced TF activity in adherent monocytes either E pidemiological and interventional studies suggest that consumption of fish or fish oil containing elevated levels of n-3 poh/unsaturated fatty acids confers protection against ischemic heart disease.

The effect of highly purified eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on monocyte phagocytosis in man

“…The n-3 FA exert their immunoregulatory effects through modification of the FA composition in membranes of immunocompetent cells. EPA is more effectively incorporated into monocyte membranes than DHA (9,10), and such incorporation occurs within a short period of time, in which there is a direct exchange of phospholipid FA between plasma and cells (31,32). Our data show that EPA is more readily incorporated into plasma phospholipid FA than DHA, which may reflect similar changes in monocyte membrane FA.…”

Oral eicosapentaenoic acid for complications of bone marrow transplantation

“…In patients receiving EPA, adhesion of platelets to the vessel wall was reported to be markedly reduced. 24 In addition, it has been reported that EPA can inhibit thrombosis, 25 augment endothelial cell-dependent vasodilatation through nitric oxide and PG, 26 increase nitric oxide production by endothelial cells, 27 and increase the production and release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor that has a local antiplatelet effect in the vascular wall. 28 Because of these properties, EPA may have prevented vascular endothelial dysfunction after BMT, thus significantly decreasing the levels of indicators of such dysfunctions like thrombomodulin and PAI-1 in the EPA group.…”

Cutting Edge: Lipoxins Rapidly Stimulate Nonphlogistic Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Neutrophils by Monocyte-Derived Macrophages

“…PMN were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and dextran sedimentation (16). M were prepared from monocytes collected over Ficoll-Paque as reported previously (17). Adherent monocytes were cultured for 5-7 days in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 10% autologous serum and 1% penicillin-streptomycin.…”