Myxobacteria From Soils of the Alaskan and Canadian Arctic

Brockman, Ellis R.; Boyd, William L.

doi:10.1128/jb.86.3.605-606.1963

Cited by 36 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…gephyra. A study on Alaskan and north Canadian soils by Brockman and Boyd [29] had similar results: Only four out of 17 samples were positive and only Mx. fulvus and Pl.…”

Section: Cold Biotopes In Antarctic Soils On Kingmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Sporangioles may occur singly or in groups. They are either embedded in the substrate (Angiococcus, Polyangium, Cystobacter, Sorangium ; Plate I, 7, 10, 16; Plate II, 17^19, 25,29) or they sit on hardened slime stems as one (Melittangium, Stigmatella; Plate II, 23, 24, 26) or more sporangioles (Stigmatella, Chondromyces; Plate II, 27, 28). The color of fruiting bodies may be white, brown or bright yellow, orange, red or lilac.…”

Section: Formation Of Fruiting Bodies and Myxosporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology and global distribution of myxobacteria in soils

Dawid

2000

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

129

191

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This review presents an overview of the present status of the biology of the myxobacteria, including the molecular biology of the systems that control and regulate myxobacterial gliding movement and morphogenesis. The present status of myxobacterial taxonomy and phylogeny is described. The evolutionary biology of the myxobacteria is emphasized with respect to their social behavior and the molecular basis of their signal chains. Most important within the metabolic physiology are the biologically active secondary metabolites of myxobacteria and their molecular mechanisms of action. The global distribution of myxobacteria in soils is described on the basis of data given in the literature as well as of comprehensive analyses of 1398 soil samples from 64 countries of all continents. The results are analyzed with respect to the spectrum and number of species depending on ecological and habitat-specific factors. The myxobacterial floras of different climate zones are compared. Included are myxobacterial species adapted to extreme biotopes. The efficiency of different methods used presently for isolation of myxobacteria is compared.

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“…gephyra. A study on Alaskan and north Canadian soils by Brockman and Boyd [29] had similar results: Only four out of 17 samples were positive and only Mx. fulvus and Pl.…”

Section: Cold Biotopes In Antarctic Soils On Kingmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Formation Of Fruiting Bodies and Myxosporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology and global distribution of myxobacteria in soils

Dawid

2000

FEMS Microbiology Reviews

129

191

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“…Some publications deal with myxobacteria from cold environments like Arctic soils. However, in the study of Brockman who tried to isolate myxobacteria from Alaskan and Canadian Arctic soils, myxobacterial growth was only observed when soil plates were incubated at 24 °C–26 °C, but not at 6 °C–8 °C [ 118 ]. In contrast, Dawid described psychrophilic myxobacteria which grow at 4 °C but not under mesophilic conditions between 18 °C and 30 °C (after 7–9 month of incubation) on samples of Antarctic soils [ 117 ].…”

Section: Distribution Of Myxobacteria In Different Habitatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Myxobacteria—We Only See the Tip of the Iceberg

Mohr

2018

Microorganisms

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The discovery of new antibiotics is mandatory with regard to the increasing number of resistant pathogens. One approach is the search for new antibiotic producers in nature. Among actinomycetes, Bacillus species, and fungi, myxobacteria have been a rich source for bioactive secondary metabolites for decades. To date, about 600 substances could be described, many of them with antibacterial, antifungal, or cytostatic activity. But, recent cultivation-independent studies on marine, terrestrial, or uncommon habitats unequivocally demonstrate that the number of uncultured myxobacteria is much higher than would be expected from the number of cultivated strains. Although several highly promising myxobacterial taxa have been identified recently, this so-called Great Plate Count Anomaly must be overcome to get broader access to new secondary metabolite producers. In the last years it turned out that especially new species, genera, and families of myxobacteria are promising sources for new bioactive metabolites. Therefore, the cultivation of the hitherto uncultivable ones is our biggest challenge.

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“…1 filter paper disks (13). Cycloheximide (Acti-dione; ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio; 25 mg/liter of medium) was added to retard the growth of contaminating fungi according to the method of Brockman and Boyd (4). Solid particulate inocula were obtained from aquatic samples either by centrifugation (10 min at 4,000 x g) or by membrane filtration (Millipore Corp., Bedford, Mass.…”

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confidence: 99%

Distribution of Myxobacters in Aquatic Habitats of an Alkaline Bog

Hook

1977

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Ten species of myxobacteria were identified from samples from an alkaline bog and adjacent soils. The frequency of occurrence and the diversity of species were highest at the margin of the bog and were lowest in the center and bottom of the bog lake. Recent studies indicate that members of the family Myxococcaceae are frequently found in marine and freshwater environments (1-4, 8, 15), although it has been suggested that their presence in these habitats may be a result of runoff from adjacent soils (3; E. R. Brockman, Bacteriol. Proc., p. 52, 1971). An increase in the occurrence of myxobacters has been reported in freshwater that is heavily laden with coliform bacteria (8, 15). This study was undertaken to determine which myxobacterial species were present in an alkaline bog lake and to estimate their relative frequency of occurrence. The study area, Davis Lake (Vestaburg Bog), is located 1.5 km southeast of Vestaburg, Mich., in the central portion of the state's lower peninsula. The bog lake measures 100 by 80 m and occupies the bottom of a steeply banked, oblong basin measuring 500 by 150 m (5). The bog lake is bordered on three sides by a quaking Sphagnum sp. mat dominated by bog leatherleaf, Chamaedaphne calculata (5, 7). Near the open water, the mat is a semiwoody Rifle peat that becomes increasingly decomposed near the edge of the basin, forming a moat of standing water (fossa) at the margin of the basin (12). A diagram showing the bog lake and the sampling sites is given in Fig. 1. Samples were obtained from aquatic habitats on eight dates from 15 September 1975 to 28 April 1976. For comparison, terrestrial regi6ns A and B (Fig. 1), each represented by a composite of 10 subsample sites that circumscribe the bog lake, were sampled on 1 July 1976, and site C (not a composite) was sampled on 15 September 1975. The pH of the water at each sampling site was determined in the field with a Corning model 6 portable pH meter (Corning Scientific Instruments, Medfield, Mass.). The dissolved oxygen and temperature were measured in situ with a YSI model 51A dissolved-oxygen meter

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Myxobacteria From Soils of the Alaskan and Canadian Arctic

Abstract: The problem of whether Clostridium sordellii should be assigned species status or be retained as a pathogenic variant of C. bifermentans is a perplexing one. Despite marked similarities in morphology, colony formation, and biochemical reactions (Clark and Hall,

Cited by 36 publications

References 1 publication

Biology and global distribution of myxobacteria in soils

Biology and global distribution of myxobacteria in soils

Diversity of Myxobacteria—We Only See the Tip of the Iceberg

Distribution of Myxobacters in Aquatic Habitats of an Alkaline Bog

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