Myriocin, a New Antifungal Antibiotic From Myriococcum Albomyces

Kluepfel, Dieter; Bagli, Jehan F.; Baker, H. A.; Charest, Marie-Paule; Kudelski, Alicia; Sehgal, S. N.; Vézina, Claude

doi:10.7164/antibiotics.25.109

Cited by 192 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Both mycotoxins inhibit ceramide synthase (sphingosine N-acyltransferase) [15,17]. Myriocin (ISP-I, 8) is a 2-aminoalkan-1,3-diol compound produced by fungi, Myriococcum albomyces and Isaria sinclairii [18,19]. It is a potent immunosuppressant inhibiting serine palmitoyltransferase, the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of sphingolipid biosynthesis [19,20].…”

Section: Aspergillus Niger Atcc6275 100mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paecilaminol, a New NADH-Fumarate Reductase Inhibitor, Produced by Paecilomyces sp. FKI-0550

Shiomi

Suzuki

et al. 2006

J Antibiot

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Section: Aspergillus Niger Atcc6275 100mentioning

confidence: 99%

Paecilaminol, a New NADH-Fumarate Reductase Inhibitor, Produced by Paecilomyces sp. FKI-0550

Shiomi

Suzuki

et al. 2006

J Antibiot

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“…Mycestericin C (4) HPLCanalysis showed that crude 1 contained a minor component (4), whose Rf value on TLCwas almost the same as that of 1. The retention time of 4 identical with that of 6,7-dihydromyriocin7).…”

Section: Isolation Of Mycestericinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal metabolites. Part 14. Novel potent immunosuppressants, mycestericins, produced by Mycelia sterilia.

et al. 1994

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Mycestericins A, B, C, D and E were isolated from the culture broth of Mycelia sterilia ATCC 20349 along with thermozymocidin (=myriocin). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic studies and chemical evidence. The acetate of mycestericin C was identical with the acetate of 6,7-dihydromyriocin. Mycestericins suppressed the proliferation of lymphocytesin the mouseallogeneic mixed lymphocytereaction, with a potency similar to that of myriocin.We have very recently reported2)3) that a metabolite of Isaria Sinclairii (ATCC 24400) showed potent immunosuppressiveactivity. Its activities in the mouseallogeneic mixed lymphocyteand mouseallogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocyte assays were 10 times and 100 times those of cyclosporin A (CsA), respectively. The metabolite was identical with myriocin4'5) (1, Fig. 1) and thermozymocidin6), which are produced by Myriococcum albomyces (ATCC16425) and Mycelia sterilia (ATCC20349), respectively. Reduction of the ketone at C-14 of 1 to a methylene increased the activity 10-fold7). Therefore, it seemed possible that tf Present address:

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“…However, the effect of SPT inhibition on SC barrier function in the intact skin has not yet been elucidated. ISP-I is alternatively referred to as myriocin 4,5) or thermozymocidin, 6,7) based on its isolation from Myriococcum albomyces and Mycelia sterilia, respectively. Fujita et al 8) isolated ISP-I as an immunosuppressant from the culture medium of Isaria sinclairii, a fungus found on cicada larva, and has been identified as a specific inhibitor of SPT.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Serine Palmitoyltransferase Inhibitor ISP-I on the Stratum Corneum of Intact Mouse Skin

Mizukoshi

Matsumoto

Hirose

et al. 2011

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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In the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin, ceramide is the main constituent of the intercellular lipids-referred to as the "mortar" in the brick-and-mortar model-and plays an essential role in the SC barrier function by forming lamellar structures together with cholesterol and free fatty acids.1) The first step of de novo biosynthesis of ceramides, a condensation reaction between L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA, is catalyzed by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). Therefore, SPT is considered a key enzyme in the regulation of sphingolipid levels involved in ceramide production and it affects the epidermal barrier function. Holleran et al. 2) and Yang et al. 3) demonstrated that the application of a SPT inhibitor resulted in the delayed barrier recovery of mouse skin disrupted by tape-stripping and acetone treatment. However, the effect of SPT inhibition on SC barrier function in the intact skin has not yet been elucidated. ISP-I is alternatively referred to as myriocin 4,5) or thermozymocidin, 6,7) based on its isolation from Myriococcum albomyces and Mycelia sterilia, respectively. Fujita et al. 8) isolated ISP-I as an immunosuppressant from the culture medium of Isaria sinclairii, a fungus found on cicada larva, and has been identified as a specific inhibitor of SPT. 9)We previously reported that the application of ISP-I to mouse dorsal skin ameliorated the post-UVB irradiation barrier disruption confirmed by the elevation of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), showing an increase in the number of SC layers. 10) However, the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unknown.A variety of proteases, including serine protease, participate in the desquamation of stratum corneum cells (i.e., corneocytes), and the hydration condition of SC is critical for the action of these proteases.11) Intercellular lipids, including ceramides, are well-known for their critical contribution to water retention in the SC.12) Desquamation-related enzymes have also been reported to be encapsulated in, transported to, and secreted at the appropriate place by lamellar bodies, of which one major component is ceramide.13) However, ISP-I eventually suppresses the synthesis of ceramide through its specific inhibitory action on SPT.Therefore, to understand the underlying mechanism of an increase in the number of SC layers in the ISP-I treated mouse dorsal skin after UVB irradiation, we conducted experiments based on the following working hypotheses. First, the decrease in the hydration condition of the stratum corneum is induced by a reduction of ceramide synthesis due to the inhibitory action of ISP-I on SPT and this affects the action of desquamation-related proteases.Second, the reduction of ceramide synthesis affects the structure and function of lamellar bodies (LB), causing inappropriate secretion and distribution of the desquamationrelated proteases encapsulated in LB.In the present study, we examined the working hypotheses stated above and obtained results that explain the underlying mechanism for the increase in the number of SC ...

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Myriocin, a New Antifungal Antibiotic From Myriococcum Albomyces

Cited by 192 publications

References 2 publications

Paecilaminol, a New NADH-Fumarate Reductase Inhibitor, Produced by Paecilomyces sp. FKI-0550

Paecilaminol, a New NADH-Fumarate Reductase Inhibitor, Produced by Paecilomyces sp. FKI-0550

Fungal metabolites. Part 14. Novel potent immunosuppressants, mycestericins, produced by Mycelia sterilia.

Effects of Serine Palmitoyltransferase Inhibitor ISP-I on the Stratum Corneum of Intact Mouse Skin

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