Myopia, Axial Length, and OCT Characteristics of the Macula in Singaporean Children

Luo, H.–D.; Gazzard, Gus; Fong, Allan; Aung, Tin; Hoh, Sek-Tien; Loon, Seng-Chee; Healey, Paul R.; Tan, Donald; Wong, Tien‐Yin; Saw, Seang‐Mei

doi:10.1167/iovs.05-1380

Cited by 98 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There were similar results reported in Singaporean children aged from 11 to 12 years. 12 The findings of small total macular volume and lesser retinal thickness in the inner and outer macular region in this study agree with histological findings of increasing scleral and retinal thinning with myopia. 13 In addition, photoreceptor cell degeneration was previously demonstrated by TdT-mediated biotin-dUTP nicked-end labelling stain in pathologic myopia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of macular retinal thickness and volume in normal eyes and highly myopic eyes with third-generation optical coherence tomography

Chen

et al. 2007

Eye

154

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To compare the macular retinal thickness and macular volume between subjects with high myopia and non-myopia. Methods This prospective nonrandomized, comparative study recruited healthy subjects with high myopia subjects, defined as a spherical equivalence (SE) over À6 dioptres (D) or AXLX26.5 mm and the best corrected visual acuity better than 20/25, and subjects with non-myopia, defined as an with SE between 1.5D and À1.5 D and the BCVA better than 20/25. Optical coherence tomography was performed in each eye. Results Eighty high myopic eyes and 40 non-myopic eyes were included. The mean age of the high myopic group and non-myopia group was 29.6 and 27.5 years old, respectively. The mean refraction was -9.27 D in the high myopia group and -0.22 D in the non-myopia group. The high myopia group had significantly greater mean retinal thickness in the foveola and fovea 1 mm area than the non-myopia group (166 vs 149 lm, Po0.0001, 199 vs 188 lm, P ¼ 0.0063, respectively). However, the mean retinal thickness in the inner and outer macular area (superior, nasal, inferior, or temporal) of the high myopia group was significantly less than in the non-myopia group. In addition, the high myopia group had significantly smaller macular volume than the non-myopia group (Po0.0001). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the retinal thickness in individuals with high myopia is thicker in the foveola and fovea, but thinner in the inner and the outer macular region. The retina of individuals with high myopia had smaller macular volume than those with non-myopia.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Assessment of macular retinal thickness and volume in normal eyes and highly myopic eyes with third-generation optical coherence tomography

Chen

et al. 2007

Eye

154

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[14][15][16][17] Measurements of the thickness of the inner macula (parafovea) vary in myopic subjects, although similar thinning of this area has been proposed. 11,15,17 In contrast, the central fovea has been shown consistently to be thicker in myopic eyes using the technique of OCT. [15][16][17][18][19] A study in Singapore on myopic Asian men using 6.0 mm horizontal and vertical linear scans using the OCT Mark I, that is, the first OCT version, showed that the macular thickness at the inner macula was negatively correlated with AL. 14 Using the fast macula scan mode on the OCT Mark 3, that is, Stratus OCT, which specifically splits the parafovea into outer macula (perifovea) and inner macula (parafovea) based on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (EDTRS), the genetic twin study by Chamberlain 15 found that the outer macular thickness also correlated negatively with AL.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…10 The stretching of the retina beyond normal dimensions may result in thinning of the retina. 11 Retinal changes that occur in highly myopic subjects include peripapillary atrophy, peripheral lattice degeneration, inclined or malinsertion of the optic disc, posterior staphyloma and breaks in Bruch's membrane. 4,10 Some highly myopic subjects experience several complications that impair visual acuity purely as a result of increased AL or the formation of posterior staphylomata.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Macular thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography in relation to degree of myopia, axial length and vitreous chamber depth in Malay subjects

Othman

Sharanjeet-Kaur

Manan

et al. 2012

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the relationship between macular thickness and spherical equivalent refraction (SER), axial length (AL) and vitreous chamber depth (VCD) in Malay subjects. Methods: Sixty-three subjects (aged 19-24 years) with a mean SER of -1.79 Ϯ 2.24 D, mean axial length of 24.26 Ϯ 1.35 mm and mean vitreous chamber depth of 17.02 Ϯ 1.33 mm were included in this clinical cross-sectional study. Stratus optical coherence tomography (Time Domain optical coherence tomography) was used to determine the thickness of the outer macular (perifovea) and inner macular (parafovea) at four different locations, that is, temporal, superior, nasal and inferior quadrants and also the fovea itself. Results: Positive correlations were found between the outer macular (perifovea) thickness and SER at the temporal (R = 0.47, p < 0.05), superior (R = 0.36, p < 0.05) and inferior (R = 0.31, p < 0.05) quadrants. Foveal thickness was also positively correlated with AL (R = 0.34, p < 0.05) and VCD (R = 0.32, p < 0.05). Negative correlations were found between outer macular thickness and axial length at the temporal (R = -0.46, p < 0.05), superior (R = -0.27, p < 0.05), nasal (R = -0.25, p < 0.05) and inferior (R = -0.36, p < 0.05) quadrants. Negative correlations were also found between outer macular thickness and VCD at the temporal (R = -0.51, p < 0.05), superior (R = -0.32, p < 0.05), nasal (R = -0.31, p < 0.05) and inferior (R = -0.40, p < 0.05) quadrants. Conclusions: This study shows that the degree of myopia and elongation of the globe are associated with thinning of most areas of the perifovea. A trend for foveal thickening in the high myopia group is also inferred, although this does not apply to the low and moderate myopia groups.

show abstract

“…RTA'nın ise daha yüksek örnekleme dansitesi olmasına rağ-men OKT ile karşılaştırılınca düşük aksiyel çözü-nürlük ve uzun tarama zamanı nedeniyle retinal kalınlık ölçümlerinde güvenirliği daha azdır. 20 Miyop gözlerde globun uzaması mekanik gerilme ve retinada incelmeye yol açar. Uzamanın miktarının retinal incelme derecesiyle ilişkili olması akla yatkındır.…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemlerunclassified

“…Hatta yüksek miyoplardaki arka kutupta tanımla-nan erken koryoretinal atrofi, miyopi ile artan retinal incelme ve daha uzun AU ile ilişkili olabilir. 20 AU ile fovea kalınlığının artması fotoreseptör-lerin retinomotor hareketi ile de ilişkili olabilir. Deprive-form miyop (bir gözün kapatılmasıyla oluşan miyopi) hayvan modellerinde fotoreseptör dış segmentlerinin uzadığı gözlemlenmiştir.…”

Section: Gereç Ve Yöntemlerunclassified

Assessment of Macula and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness with Optical Coherence Tomography in Myopia

Özkağnıcı¹,

Tokgöz²

2012

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Çalışmada emetrop ve miyop olgularda retina yapısının optik koherens tomografi (OKT) ile incelenmesi amaçlandı. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Çalışma grubu 118'i kadın, 106'sı erkek, toplam 224 olgudan oluşturuldu. Olgular kırma kusuru derecelerine göre birinci grup 0,00/-0,75 D arası (kontrol grubu), ikinci grup -1,00/-3,00 D arası, üçüncü grup -3,25/-6,00 D arası, dördüncü grup ise -6,25/-12,00 D arası olarak dört gruba ayrıldı. Tüm olguların retina sinir lifi tabakası (RSLT) kalınlığı ve makula kalınlığı OKT kullanılarak ölçüldü. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Yüksek miyop grupta foveal kalınlık ve volümünde artış tespit edilirken, dış alan dışındaki tüm alanların RSLT kalınlığında azalma bulundu. Ayrıca total makular volüm, dış makular kalınlık ve volümü de azalmıştı. Yüksek miyopik olgularda RSLT'de en fazla incelme %18,6 iç ve %13,1 ile, dış kalınlıkta idi. RSLT kalınlığı, makula kalınlığı ve volüm değerleri ile aksiyel uzunluk/sferik ekivalan arasında zayıf korelasyon mevcuttu. S So on nu uç ç: : Yüksek miyoplarda RSLT'de özellikle iç ve üst kadran incelmesini değerlendirmek çok önemlidir. Foveal çukur ve parafoveolar tepe arasındaki mesafe miyopi ile ters orantılıdır, yani miyopi derecesinde artma makular bölgenin daha düz hâle gelmesine neden olur.A An na ah ht ta ar r K Ke el li im me el le er r: : Miyopi; retina A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : In the study, analysis of retina structure with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in emetropic and myopic cases was aimed. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : The study group included a total of 224 cases (118 females, 106 males). Cases were divided into four groups: between 0.00/-0.75 D (first group=control group), between -1.00/-3.00 D (second group), between -3.25/-6.00 D (third group) and between -6.25/-12.00 D, according to their refractive error. Thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macula was measured using OCT. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : While an increase was detected in foveal thickness and volume in the highly myopic group, a reduction was found in RNFL thickness of all areas except temporal area. Total macular volume, outer macular thickness and volume were also reduced. The highest thinning of RNFL in highly myopic cases was in 13.1% in superior and 18.6% in nasal thickness. There was a weak correlation between RNFL thickness, macular thickness and volume values and axial length/spheric equivalent. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : Assessment of especially nasal and superior quadrant thickness in RNFL is crucial in highly myopics. Distance between foveal pit and parafoveolar tip is inversely proportional with myopia, in other words, increase in degree of myopia causes macular area to become flatter. Bu çalışmada miyop bireylerin retina dokusunun yapısal ve fonksiyonel özelliklerini belirlemek ve bunların miyopinin derecesi ile ilişkisini incelemek amaçlandı. Bu amaçla optik koherens tomografi (OKT) cihazı ile RSLT ve makula kalınlığı ölçümle...

show abstract

Myopia, Axial Length, and OCT Characteristics of the Macula in Singaporean Children

Abstract: In children, increasing axial myopia was associated with reduced macular volume and thickness. These findings suggest that early anatomic changes may be present in the retinas of children with axial myopia.

Cited by 98 publications

References 28 publications

Assessment of macular retinal thickness and volume in normal eyes and highly myopic eyes with third-generation optical coherence tomography

Assessment of macular retinal thickness and volume in normal eyes and highly myopic eyes with third-generation optical coherence tomography

Macular thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography in relation to degree of myopia, axial length and vitreous chamber depth in Malay subjects

Assessment of Macula and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness with Optical Coherence Tomography in Myopia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About