Purpose To compare the macular retinal thickness and macular volume between subjects with high myopia and non-myopia. Methods This prospective nonrandomized, comparative study recruited healthy subjects with high myopia subjects, defined as a spherical equivalence (SE) over À6 dioptres (D) or AXLX26.5 mm and the best corrected visual acuity better than 20/25, and subjects with non-myopia, defined as an with SE between 1.5D and À1.5 D and the BCVA better than 20/25. Optical coherence tomography was performed in each eye. Results Eighty high myopic eyes and 40 non-myopic eyes were included. The mean age of the high myopic group and non-myopia group was 29.6 and 27.5 years old, respectively. The mean refraction was -9.27 D in the high myopia group and -0.22 D in the non-myopia group. The high myopia group had significantly greater mean retinal thickness in the foveola and fovea 1 mm area than the non-myopia group (166 vs 149 lm, Po0.0001, 199 vs 188 lm, P ¼ 0.0063, respectively). However, the mean retinal thickness in the inner and outer macular area (superior, nasal, inferior, or temporal) of the high myopia group was significantly less than in the non-myopia group. In addition, the high myopia group had significantly smaller macular volume than the non-myopia group (Po0.0001). Conclusion This study demonstrated that the retinal thickness in individuals with high myopia is thicker in the foveola and fovea, but thinner in the inner and the outer macular region. The retina of individuals with high myopia had smaller macular volume than those with non-myopia.

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Manganese sulfide (MnS), a member of transition metal sulfides, has been considered as a promising anode material for reversible Li storage due to its high theoretical capacity and structural advantages. However, the intrinsic electrochemical performance of MnS with different phases in lithium-ion batteries is yet to be fully investigated. Herein, high purity rock-salt (RS), zinc-blende (ZB) and wurtzite (WZ) MnS nanocrystals with different morphologies were successfully synthesized via a facile solvothermal method. The RS-MnS, ZB-MnS and WZ-MnS electrodes showed the capacities of 232.5 mAh g -1 , 287.9 mAh g -1 and 79.8 mAh g -1 at the 600th cycle, respectively. ZB-MnS displayed the best performance in terms of specific capacity and cyclability in comparison to RS-MnS and WZ-MnS nanocrystals. Interestingly, all the three kinds of MnS electrodes exhibited an unusual phenomenon of capacity increase upon cycling along with reduced particle sizes and without change in crystallinity. The main contribution of capacity increase was ascribed to the decreased cell resistance and enhanced interfacial charge storage, which facilitated more effective Li + diffusion into electrode materials.

Two-dimensional graphene is a promising candidate material for use in high-performance enzymatic biofuel cells (EBFCs). In this work, graphene/enzyme has been integrated onto three-dimensional (3D) micropillar arrays in order to obtain efficient enzyme immobilisation and enhanced enzyme loading and facilitate direct electron transfer. The fabrication process of this system combines top-down carbon microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) to fabricate the 3D micropillar array platform and bottom-up electrophoretic deposition (EPD) to deposit the graphene/enzyme onto the electrode surface. The amperometric response of the graphene-based bioelectrode exhibited excellent electrochemical activity, which indicated the successful co-deposition of graphene with the enzymes. The developed 3D graphene/enzyme network-based EBFC generated a maximum power density of 136.3 μW cm(-2) at 0.59 V, which is almost seven times the maximum power density of the bare 3D carbon micropillar array-based EBFC.