Myofascial pain syndromes in the maxillofacial area: a common but underdiagnosed cause of head and neck pain

Manolopoulos, Leonidas; Vlastarakos, Petros V.; Georgiou, Lucas; Giotakis, Ioannis; Loizos, Anthony; Nikolopoulos, Thomas P.

doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2008.04.023

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…33 Moreover, when myofascial pain presents hypersensitive spots, that is trigger points, especially in the head, the face, or the neck, it may also be a common but undiagnosed cause of secondary HAs. [34][35][36] Second, the overlap between painful TMD and the primary headache seems to be related to the central sensitization phenomenon, because of the chronification of pain. 37 Individuals with chronic TMD pain and/or primary HAs tend to present alterations in the central processing of nociceptive information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headache Associated With Temporomandibular Disorders Among Young Brazilian Adolescents

Franco

Fernandes

Gonçalves

et al. 2014

The Clinical Journal of Pain

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Headache Associated With Temporomandibular Disorders Among Young Brazilian Adolescents

Franco

Fernandes

Gonçalves

et al. 2014

The Clinical Journal of Pain

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“…muscle tissue) and non-TrP structures (i.e. neural and connective tissues) in combination, or non-TrP structures alone, is effective for the reduction of pain and disability in knee osteoarthritis,50–50–51,81–83,85–90,166–168 hip osteoarthritis,53,91–94 piriformis syndrome,60 carpal tunnel syndrome,36,37,40,41,44,45,47 migraine,95–101 tension type headache,97,98,102 temporomandibular disorder,59,67,103–107 shoulder pain,108–110 neck pain,23,24,29,35,61,63–65,80,111–114 low back pain,4,5,19,20,66,69,115–125 and plantar fasciitis 48,49,54,56,126,127…”

Section: Trp Needling Is Only One Kind Of Dry Needlingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry needling: a literature review with implications for clinical practice guidelines

Dunning¹,

Butts

Mourad³

et al. 2014

Physical Therapy Reviews

241

210

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Background:Wet needling uses hollow-bore needles to deliver corticosteroids, anesthetics, sclerosants, botulinum toxins, or other agents. In contrast, dry needling requires the insertion of thin monofilament needles, as used in the practice of acupuncture, without the use of injectate into muscles, ligaments, tendons, subcutaneous fascia, and scar tissue. Dry needles may also be inserted in the vicinity of peripheral nerves and/or neurovascular bundles in order to manage a variety of neuromusculoskeletal pain syndromes. Nevertheless, some position statements by several US State Boards of Physical Therapy have narrowly defined dry needling as an ‘intramuscular’ procedure involving the isolated treatment of ‘myofascial trigger points’ (MTrPs).Objectives:To operationalize an appropriate definition for dry needling based on the existing literature and to further investigate the optimal frequency, duration, and intensity of dry needling for both spinal and extremity neuromusculoskeletal conditions.Major findings:According to recent findings in the literature, the needle tip touches, taps, or pricks tiny nerve endings or neural tissue (i.e. ‘sensitive loci’ or ‘nociceptors’) when it is inserted into a MTrP. To date, there is a paucity of high-quality evidence to underpin the use of direct dry needling into MTrPs for the purpose of short and long-term pain and disability reduction in patients with musculoskeletal pain syndromes. Furthermore, there is a lack of robust evidence validating the clinical diagnostic criteria for trigger point identification or diagnosis. High-quality studies have also demonstrated that manual examination for the identification and localization of a trigger point is neither valid nor reliable between-examiners.Conclusions:Several studies have demonstrated immediate or short-term improvements in pain and/or disability by targeting trigger points (TrPs) using in-and-out techniques such as ‘pistoning’ or ‘sparrow pecking’; however, to date, no high-quality, long-term trials supporting in-and-out needling techniques at exclusively muscular TrPs exist, and the practice should therefore be questioned. The insertion of dry needles into asymptomatic body areas proximal and/or distal to the primary source of pain is supported by the myofascial pain syndrome literature. Physical therapists should not ignore the findings of the Western or biomedical ‘acupuncture’ literature that have used the very same ‘dry needles’ to treat patients with a variety of neuromusculoskeletal conditions in numerous, large scale randomized controlled trials. Although the optimal frequency, duration, and intensity of dry needling has yet to be determined for many neuromusculoskeletal conditions, the vast majority of dry needling randomized controlled trials have manually stimulated the needles and left them in situ for between 10 and 30 minute durations. Position statements and clinical practice guidelines for dry needling should be based on the best available literature, not a single paradigm or school of thought; therefore, ...

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“…Myofascial pain is perceived as a dull, non-pulsating pain, which can vary from mild discomfort to incapacitating pain, both at rest and during activity; it is rarely symmetric and adopts a segmented distribution (non-dermatomal spinal segmentation pattern) 16 . Muscle overload is thought to be the result of sustained or repetitive low-level muscle contractions, eccentric muscle contractions, and maximal or submaximal concentric muscle contractions 17 . Although muscle damage is not required for the development of TrP, there may be a disruption of the cell membrane, damage to the sarcoplasmic reticulum with a subsequent release of high amounts of calcium-ions, and disruption of cytoskeletal proteins, such as desmin, titin, and dystrophin 17 .…”

Section: Etiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Muscle overload is thought to be the result of sustained or repetitive low-level muscle contractions, eccentric muscle contractions, and maximal or submaximal concentric muscle contractions 17 . Although muscle damage is not required for the development of TrP, there may be a disruption of the cell membrane, damage to the sarcoplasmic reticulum with a subsequent release of high amounts of calcium-ions, and disruption of cytoskeletal proteins, such as desmin, titin, and dystrophin 17 .…”

Section: Etiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome: A Revisit

reji¹,

krishnamurthy²,

garud³

2017

IOSR JDMS

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Myofascial pain syndromes in the maxillofacial area: a common but underdiagnosed cause of head and neck pain

Cited by 24 publications

References 83 publications

Headache Associated With Temporomandibular Disorders Among Young Brazilian Adolescents

Headache Associated With Temporomandibular Disorders Among Young Brazilian Adolescents

Dry needling: a literature review with implications for clinical practice guidelines

Myofascial Pain Dysfunction Syndrome: A Revisit

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