Myelography and Epidurography

Roberts, Richard E.; Selcer, B. A.

doi:10.1016/s0195-5616(93)50030-x

Cited by 53 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…We maintained adequate hydration using fluid therapy, thus eliminating the negative 272 * p < 0.05 When we observed seizures in a patient, we gave diazepam intravenously at the dose of 0.2 -0.4 mg/kg. Placing the patient on a slant pad in a quiet room with the head kept up and with adequate fluid therapy may be beneficial for stimulating the contrast medium flow caudally, its early excretion from the organism, and reducing the risk of seizures (Roberts and Selcer 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complications Related to Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs

et al. 2008

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Lexmaulová L., R. Novotná, P. Raušer, A. Nečas: Complications Related to Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs. Acta Vet. Brno 2008, 77: 269-276. After intervertebral disk surgery we often have to deal with various complications (seizures, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) ulcerations, cystitis, and surgical wound healing problems). These complications may lead to the death of the patient. We performed clinical and laboratory investigations in 161 dogs with an intervertebral disc disease. After that, we performed a cranial (n = 31), caudal (n = 125) or both (n = 5) types of myelography at the same time, and surgery -ventral slot decompression (SLOT) (n = 18) or hemilaminectomy (n = 143). During the postsurgical period we observed seizures, GIT complications, cystitis, and surgical wound healing problems or even death of the patients. These complications appeared to be related to the lesion site, the degree of clinical signs and the type of surgical procedure. In our study we found a higher incidence of seizures after cranial myelography, higher incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) complications particularly in paraplegic dogs, and a higher risk of death in patients after the SLOT surgery. The occurrence of cystitis was not significant (p = 0.5524, p = 0.1655, respectively). We consider seizures, GI ulcerations, and death the most frequent complications after intervertebral disc surgery. Their incidence depends on the lesion site and the degree of neurologic symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The frequency of seizures is affected by the type and volume of contrast medium, type of myelography, anaesthetics, weight, and hydration status of the patient (Barone et al 2002;Roberts and Selcer 1993;Wright and Clayton 1981).…”

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confidence: 99%

Complications Related to Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs

et al. 2008

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“…Acute disc extrusions, in most cases, can cause spinal cord edema with interruption of the contrast medium column located close to the lesion and no obvious extramedullary lesion (BRAUND, 1993;LAMB, 1994;ROBERTS;SELCER, 1993;BURGESE;PINTO, 2009). Further, in the absence of myelographic changes, the possibility remains that medullary edema might previously have occurred and dissipated, because a patient can continue manifesting neurological clinical signs after edema dissolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological aspects of myelography in dogs: 61 cases (2003–2012)

et al. 2014

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Myelography is a radiological contrast examination technique frequently used in the diagnosis of vertebral spine and spinal cord disorders. The procedure involves inserting a needle with subsequent injection of contrast medium, which delimits the spinal cord. The main indication is suspected spinal injuries not visualized on plain radiographs. Myelography is effective in the identification of the location of the lesion but is contraindicated in patients with infectious diseases or who have recently experienced trauma. Advantages of myelography are cost effectiveness in both the examination procedure and maintenance of equipment, and delivery of quality images, compared with other imaging methods in dogs. Disadvantages include a relatively long examination procedure, the need for general anesthesia, and the risk of seizures or death. The aim of this study was to characterize a population of dogs undergoing myelography according to the following factors: severity of injury, breed, age, sex, reproductive status, diet, weight, previous illnesses, vertebral region evaluated, lesion location in spinal cord or meninges, cause of radiographic signs, and possible complications. The database was created from information in medical records, and included 61 dogs with suspected disorders of the vertebral spine, spinal cord, and/or meninges that underwent myelography at the Unidade Hospitalar para Animais de Companhia of Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná from January 2003 through December 2012. The results indicate that the most common degree of injury severity was Grade 2 (39.34% of the patients). The most prevalent breeds were mixed breed dogs (22.58%) and the dachshund (18.03%). Ages with higher frequency were 6 and 10 years (average, 7.6 years). According to sex and reproductive status, intact male (42.62%) and female (36.06%) dogs were most affected. The commercial (50.82%) and mixed (44.26%) diets were the most common diets. The body weight between 6 and 15 kg (37.70%) was the most significant. Most of the patients showed no previous diseases (73.77%). The thoracolumbar region was the most evaluated (47.22%). Most injuries were extramedullary (62.30%), and the most common cause was intervertebral disc disease (52.38%). The complications of myelography were not significant. It can be seen that the data in our environment tend to be similar to those of the national literature, but international literature is currently focusing on more sensitive tests such as CT and MRI. Key words: Myelography, vertebral spine, spinal cord, intervertebral disc disease in dogs ResumoA mielografia é utilizada no diagnóstico de doenças da coluna vertebral e medula espinhal. são suspeitas de lesões medulares não visualizadas em radiografias simples. Suas contraindicações são em pacientes com doenças infecciosas ou que sofreram trauma recente. Se comparada a outros métodos imaginológicos em cães, apresenta a vantagem de ter baixo custo do exame e de manutenção. Como desvantagem, apresenta maior tempo para a realização do exame,...

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“…Even so, myelography is not an innocuous procedure, and it may cause adverse reactions in humans, such as headaches, nausea, vomiting, and even worsening of preexistent neurologic symptoms (Gelmers, 1979). There have also been reports of tachycardia (Widmer and Blevins, 1991) and bradycardia (Lewis and Hosgood, 1992) of undetermined origin occurring in dogs that underwent myelography via cerebellomedullary cistern injection of contrast medium, as well as seizures (mainly during recovery from anesthesia (Roberts and Selcer, 1993). More severe symptoms observed were episodes of ventricular arrhythmias and low arterial pressure in humans (Lehmann et al, 1987;Benamor et al, 1989;Hirshfeld et al, 1989) and dogs (Ralston et al, 1989;Wheeler and Sharp, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cardiovascular and respiratory alterations in dogs during cervical myelography using ioversol

Silva

Tudury

Albuquerque

et al. 2013

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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Subarachnoid infusion of most contrast mediums and the steps involved in performing a cervical myelography have adverse affects that can discourage its use in the radiographic diagnosis of spinal cord diseases. Thus, the cardiovascular and respiratory alterations associated with neck flexion, subarachnoid puncture, and cerebrospinal fluid drainage during subarachnoid infusion of ioversol (320mgI/mL) in dogs under general anesthesia using isoflurane were evaluated. The dogs received subarachnoid infusion of autologous cerebrospinal fluid kept at 38°C -control group (GC); ioversol 0.3mL/kg at 25°C (GI25) and ioversol 0.3mL/kg heated to 38°C (GI38). Each dog had its heart rate (HR), systolic arterial pressure (SAP), diastolic arterial pressure (DAP), respiratory rate (RR), oxyhemoglobin saturation (SaO 2 ) and electrocardiography readings (PR and QT intervals) recorded. Group comparisons showed no statistical difference regarding neck positioning, subarachnoid puncture, and subarachnoid infusion of contrast medium on HR, RR and SaO 2 , cardiac rhythm or conduction. However, isoflurane significantly increased PR and QT intervals. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the steps involved in cervical myelography and the use of ioversol 320mgI/mL at 0.3mL/kg (25ºC and 38ºC) during cervical myelography did not result in relevant cardiovascular and respiratory alterations, except for an elevation in arterial pressure after injection of ioversol.Keywords: dog, myelography, optiray 320, cardiac arrhythmia, arterial pressure mielografia, optiray 320, arritmia cardíaca, pressão arterial RESUMO Os efeitos adversos provocados pela infusão subaracnoidea de meios de contraste e da mielografia cervical podem desencorajar sua aplicação como alternativa para o diagnóstico radiológico de doenças da medula espinhal. Assim, avaliaram-se os efeitos cardiovascular e respiratório dos procedimentos técnicos necessários à mielografia cervical e da infusão subaracnoidea do ioversol -320mgI/mL -em cães anestesiados com isofluorano. Foi realizada infusão do líquido cefalorraquidiano autólogo mantido a 38°C -grupo-controle (GC); infusão do ioversol 0,3mL/kg a 25°C (GI25); e infusão do ioversol 0,3mL/kg aquecido a 38°C (GI38). Estudaram-se: pressões arteriais sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD), frequências cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (FR), saturação de oxi-hemoglobina (SaO 2 ) e medidas eletrocardiográficas (intervalos PR e QT

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Myelography and Epidurography

Cited by 53 publications

References 12 publications

Complications Related to Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs

Complications Related to Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs

Epidemiological aspects of myelography in dogs: 61 cases (2003–2012)

Cardiovascular and respiratory alterations in dogs during cervical myelography using ioversol

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