Mycorrhizal Associations in Ferns from Southern Ecuador

Lehnert, Marcus; Kottke, Ingrid; Setaro, Sabrina; Pazmiño, L.; Suárez, Juan Pablo; Kessler, Michael

doi:10.1640/0002-8444-99.4.292

Cited by 29 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…En total, los tres grupos de hongos colonizan el 78.1 % de las especies, no obstante, sólo el 56.2 % pueden ser consideradas especies micorrízicas arbusculares debido a la presencia de arbúsculos, interface especializada para el intercambio bidireccional de nutrimentos (van der Heijden et al, 2015). El porcentaje de especies micorrí-zicas obtenido en este trabajo es similar a estimaciones realizadas por Wang y Qiu (2006) y Lehnert et al (2009), quienes reportan que el 52 y 53 % de las especies presentan colonización micorrízica arbuscular, respectivamente. Una reciente revisión mundial de las asociaciones micorrízicas en helechos y licófitas estima que la colonización por HMA en helechos y licófi-tas es del 54 % (Lehnert et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Algunas familias como Dryopteridaceae, Equisetaceae, Hymenophyllaceae, Lycopodiaceae y Polypodiaceae (grammítidos) forman asociaciones con HSO que se distinguen por ser dematiáceos a hialinos, con hifas septadas, presencia ocasional de microesclerocios y células moniliformes (Fernández, Messuti, & Fontenla, 2008;Lehnert et al, 2009;Kessler et al, 2009). La presencia de los HSO en las diferentes familias de helechos y licófitas podría sugerir que estos hongos tienen un papel ecológico importante para el crecimiento y desarrollo de las especies.…”

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Micorriza arbuscular, Mucoromycotina y hongos septados oscuros en helechos y licófitas con distribución en México: una revisión global

Lara-Pérez

Zulueta-Rodríguez

Andrade‐Torres

2017

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal, Mucoromycotina and dark septate fungi in ferns and lycophytes with distribution in Mexico: a global review. Ferns and lycophytes are a group of vascular plants of interest to understand the evolution of mycorrhizal interactions; their preservation is of relevance for their multiple ecological relations. The record of different taxonomic groups of fungi associated with ferns and lycophytes is fragmentary, and the criteria for it identification is inconsistent, which hinders the understanding and determination of mycorrhizal status. The aim of this study was to determine the percentage of the species of ferns and lycophytes with distribution in Mexico, and with information of fungal interactions. A checklist of the presence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), Mucoromycotina and dark septate fungi (DSF) associated with ferns and lycophytes was integrated through an exhaustive global literature search. In this study, mycorrhizal species was considered by the presence of arbuscules to differentiate with hyphal, vesicular and coils colonization. The study gathered a checklist of mycorrhizal occurrences of 27 families, 61 genus and 137 species of ferns and lycophytes, which covers 13.4 % of the species, 91 % of the genus and 77 % of the families distributed in Mexico. The 78.1 % of the species showed colonization, 56.2 % by AMF, 29.9 % by DSF and 0.72 % by Mucoromycotina fungi. From the total of the species, the higher presences of colonization were in terrestrial, epiphytic, saxicolous, and aquatic plants with 76.6 %, 33.3 %, 20 %, and 6.3 %, respectively. The families of ferns and lycophytes with the higher number of species colonized were Pteridaceae, Polypodiaceae, Aspleniaceae and Dryopteridaceae. The present study showed the widespread associations of AMF and DSF in ferns and lycophytes of Mexico. It is urgently needed to include ferns and lycophytes in studies focused on endomycorhizal interactions, since only 28 species (28 %) were studied in Mexican ecosystems. The majority of studies were focused on sporophytic face (80 %). Nonetheless, to understand the role that plays the mycorrhiza in the establishment of ferns and lycophytes, it is necessary to include the gametophytic face in ecological, molecular and physiological experimental studies. This information is important to implement conservation strategies, because a considerable number of ferns and lycophytes species, depend on these mycorrhizal associations for their growth and survival. Rev. Biol. Trop. 65

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Section: Discussionunclassified

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Micorriza arbuscular, Mucoromycotina y hongos septados oscuros en helechos y licófitas con distribución en México: una revisión global

Lara-Pérez

Zulueta-Rodríguez

Andrade‐Torres

2017

RBT

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“…Aunque, la presencia de HSO ha sido reportada para varias especies de helechos, este es el primer registro para A. firma (Jumpponen & Trappe, 1998;Lehnert et al, 2009;Zubek et al, 2010), y sólo hay un registro de HSO en otra especie de la familia Cyatheaceae (Jumpponen & Trappe, 1998). No obstante, en 25 especies de helechos arborescentes estudiadas de las familias Cyatheaceae, Cibotiaceae, Dicksoniaceae no hay registros de colonización por HSO (Cooper, 1976;Gemma et al, 1992;Moteetee et al, 1996;Zhao, 2000;Lara-Pérez, 2007;Lehnert et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…El estatus micorrízico de los helechos arborescentes de la familia Cyatheaceae es confuso debido a que tiene especies ausentes de colonización, pero otras han sido reportadas como micorrízicas al presentar arbúsculos, que indican una simbiosis funcional (Cooper, 1976;Gemma, Koske, & Flynn, 1992;Moteetee, Duckett, & Russell, 1996;Zhao, 2000;Lehnert et al 2009). Recientemente, se evidenció que Alsophila firma es una especie micorrízica que presenta cambios en los niveles de colonización y diversidad de esporas de HMA en lluvias y sequías en BMM (Lara-Pérez et al, 2014).…”

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Colonización y estructura de la comunidad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en Alsophila firma (Cyatheaceae) en bosque mesófilo de montaña en Veracruz, México

Lara-Pérez

Noa-Carrazana

López

et al. 2014

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Colonization and structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi community in Alsophila firma (Cyatheales: Cyatheaceae) from a tropical montane cloud forest in Veracruz, México. Alsophila firma is a tree fern that is distributed mainly in tropical montane cloud forest (TMCF) and is considered as a threatened species. Arbuscular mycorrrhizal fungi (AMF) have been proposed as an alternative in rescue programs of endangered species. However, our knowledge about diversity of AMF and mycorrhizal status of the species of TMCF is limited. In Mexico TMCF shows different degrees of conservation because of fragmentation and land use change. In this study, we evaluated the level of colonization, richness and abundances of spores of AMF in three fragments with different conservation status: conserved (100 years), secondary vegetation (17 years) and disturbed. For this, soil samples and roots were collected from five individuals of A. firma per site, with at least 100m away from each other; a total of 100cm of roots were analysed per site. Root samples showed AMF and occasionally dark septate fungi (DSF) colonizations. For the overall study, 19 species of AMF were recorded: Gigaspora (7), Acaulospora (4), Glomus (4), Funneliformis (2), Sclerocystis (1) and Scutellospora (1). The dominant species in the three sites were Funneliformis geosporum and Acaulospora scrobiculata. The highest diversity (H') and evenness (J') (p<0.05) were found in the conserved site (H'=1.7, J'=0.66), when compared to the secondary vegetation (H'=1.5, J'=0.61), and the disturbed site (H'=0.74, J'=0.41). Statistical analysis showed that the AMF degree of colonization was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the conserved site; although, the disturbed site showed low richness and abundances of AMF, the degree of root colonization did not differ statistically (p<0.05) with the secondary vegetation site. Chao2 (Richness estimation model) showed that the number of analysed samples were sufficient to represent the structure of the AMF communities with values >90%. The present study confirmed that A. firma is a mycorrhizal species that exhibits high levels of colonization even in disturbed sites. We suggest that F. geosporum and A. scrobiculata may have the potential to inoculate the gametophyte and young sporophyte of A. firma, to support restoration programs, because of their abundances and high tolerance to disturbed sites. Rev. Biol. Trop. 62 (4): 1609-1623. Epub 2014 December 01.

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“…Although the roots of several terricolous plant taxa have been examined for the presence of AM fungal association, their occurrence in lithophytic or saxicolous plant species is limited to certain plant groups. For example, the occurrence of AM fungal association has been examined in lithophytic mosses (Zhang & Guo 2007) and ferns (Lehnert et al 2009;Kessler et al 2010;Muthukumar & Prabha 2013;Muthuraja et al 2014). The results of some of these studies suggest that non-mycorrhizal condition appears to be more prevalent in lithophytic than in terricolous taxa (Kessler et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root fungal associations in some non-orchidaceous vascular lithophytes

2016

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Plant roots in natural ecosystems are colonized by a diverse group of fungi among which the most common and widespread are arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and dark septate endophyte (DSE) fungi. Th ough AM and DSE fungal associations are well reported for terricolous plant species, they are rather poorly known for lithophytic plant species. In this study, we examined AM and DSE fungal association in 72 non-orchidaceous vascular plant species growing as lithophytes in Siruvani Hills, Western Ghats of Tamilnadu, India. Sixty-nine plant species had AM and 58 species had DSE fungal associations. To our knowledge, we report AM fungal association in 42 and DSE fungal association in 53 plant species for the fi rst time. Th ere were signifi cant diff erences in total root length colonization and root length colonized by diff erent AM and DSE fungal structures among plant species. In contrast, the diff erences in AM and DSE fungal colonization among plants in various life-forms and lifecycles were not signifi cant. AM morphology reported for the fi rst time in 56 plant species was dominated by intermediate type AM morphology. A signifi cant negative relationship existed between total root length colonized by AM and DSE fungi. Th ese results clearly suggest that AM and DSE fungal associations are widespread in lithophytes.

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Mycorrhizal Associations in Ferns from Southern Ecuador

Cited by 29 publications

References 38 publications

Micorriza arbuscular, Mucoromycotina y hongos septados oscuros en helechos y licófitas con distribución en México: una revisión global

Micorriza arbuscular, Mucoromycotina y hongos septados oscuros en helechos y licófitas con distribución en México: una revisión global

Colonización y estructura de la comunidad de hongos micorrízicos arbusculares en Alsophila firma (Cyatheaceae) en bosque mesófilo de montaña en Veracruz, México

Root fungal associations in some non-orchidaceous vascular lithophytes

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