Mycorrhizae in a southern California desert: ecological implications

Bethlenfalvay, Gábor J.; Dakessian, S.; Pacovsky, R. S.

doi:10.1139/b84-077

Cited by 71 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This study showed a trend of species diversity of AMF being negatively correlated with plant species diversity along the successional gradient. Data from a temperate region showed that AMF diversity tended to increase with successional rank in an old field succession (Johnson et al 1991), while fungal diversity was relatively uniform in a desert ecosystem despite the diversity in the plant community (Bethlenfalvay et al 1984). Increase in AMF species richness was accompanied by an increase in plant diversity and ecosystem productivity in simulated macrocosms of temperate ecosystems (van der Heijden et al 1998).…”

Section: Number Of Viable Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of early stages of a secondary succession of Atlantic Forest in South Brazil

et al. 2006

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RESUMO -(Ocorrência de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares em solos de estádios iniciais de uma sucessão secundária da Floresta Atlântica no Sul do Brasil). A diversidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (FMAs) e o potencial de inóculo micorrízico foram determinados em estádios de sucessão secundária da Floresta Atlântica. Dentro de cada estádio -pioneiro, capoeirinha e capoeirão -quatro transectos foram estabelecidos e três amostras de solo foram obtidas por transecto. A comunidade vegetal foi dominada por Pteridium aquilinium no estádio pioneiro e Dodonaea viscosa e P. aquilinium foram co-dominantes na capoeirinha. No capoeirão, Miconia cinnamomifolia foi dominante seguida por Euterpe edulis. O número total de esporos foi significativamente maior na capoeirinha do que nos outros estádios, embora o número de esporos viáveis permaneceu constante entre os estádios sucessionais. Acaulosporaceae e Glomeraceae foram as famílias predominantes e perfizeram 83% do total de esporos recuperados. Dos 18 morfotipos de esporos recuperados, 10 foram alocados para espécies conhecidas, com uma espécie de Acaulospora sp. e uma de Glomus sp. sendo os esporuladores predominantes e presentes em todas as amostras. O indíce de diversidade de Simpson e a eqüitabilidade para as espécies de FMAs não diferiram significativamente entre os estádios sucessionais e a riqueza específica de FMAs foi negativamente correlacionada com a riqueza específica vegetal. O solo da Capoeirinha apresentou o maior potencial de inóculo (37%). A dominância da comunidade micorrízica por poucos esporuladores e a relação entre diversidade fúngica e vegetal são discutidos.Palavras-chave: Glomerales, fungos micorrízicos arbusculares, Floresta Atlântica, sucessão vegetal secundária, diversidade de espécies ABSTRACT -(Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of early stages of a secondary succession of Atlantic Forest in South Brazil). Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species diversity and mycorrhizal inoculum potential were assessed in areas representative of stages of secondary succession in the Brazilian Atlantic Rain Forest. Within each stage -pioneer, 'capoeirinha' and 'capoeirão'-four transects were established and three soil samples were taken along each transect. The plant community was dominated by Pteridium aquilinium in the pioneer stage, while Dodonaea viscosa and P. aquilinium were co-dominants in the 'capoeirinha' stage. In capoeirão, Miconia cinnamomifolia was dominant followed by Euterpe edulis. Total spore number per 100 g soil was significantly larger in the 'capoeirinha' stage than in the other stages, although the number of viable spores was similar among stages. Acaulosporaceae and Glomeraceae were the predominant families accounting for 83% of the total spores recovered. Of the 18 spore morphotypes, 10 were allocated to known species, with Acaulospora sp. and Glomus sp. being the dominants recovered in all samples. Simpson's index of diversity and evenness for AMF species were not significantly different among the successional st...

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Section: Number Of Viable Sporesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of early stages of a secondary succession of Atlantic Forest in South Brazil

et al. 2006

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“…Many desert plants are known to be mycorrhizal (Rose, 1981;Bethlenfalvay et al, 1984;Pond et al, 1984;Bloss, 1985;Bloss and Walker, 1987;Cui and Nobel, 1992), including columnar cacti (Rose, 1981), although no studies have determined the relative dependence on mycorrhizae. We sought to evaluate whether vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM) fungi have a role in the primary establishment of cactus species under mesquite trees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of VA mycorrhizal inoculum potential in relation to the establishment of cactus seedlings under mesquite nurse-trees in the Sonoran Desert

Bashan¹,

Davis

Carrillo‐Garcia³

et al. 2000

Applied Soil Ecology

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A commonly observed preferential association was quantified between mature native mesquite (Prosopis articulata) trees and the seedlings of six cactus species (Pachycereus pringlei, Opuntia cholla, Lophocereus schottii, Machaerocereus gummosus, Lemaireocereus thurberi, Mammilaria sp.) in a previously-disturbed area of the Sonoran Desert of Baja California, Mexico. We hypothesized that, in addition to more favorable edaphic factors, the inoculum potential of beneficial vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi was higher, and therefore, more favorable for cactus seedling establishment under the mesquite tree canopy (UC) compared to adjacent barren areas (BAs) away from the trees. In the greenhouse inoculum potential assays, VAM fungi were detected in onion (Allium cepa) trap plants from all soil samples regardless of collection site, but cardon cactus (P. pringlei) trap seedlings formed no VAM even after 6.5 months. Test soils were further used to preinoculate new onion seedlings transplanted into pots, to serve as nurse plants to inoculate adjacent cardon seedlings by vegetative transfer. After 15 months, cardon seedlings did develop slight VAM colonization, confined exclusively to the outermost cortical layers. Examination of test soils for spores or root fragments revealed very few to none, and spore production on onion trap plant roots was also sparse even though colonization was high. Analysis of UC and BA soils revealed that the water holding capacity, nutrient content, cation exchange capacity, total carbon, and total nitrogen contents of the UC soils were all higher than those of the BA soils. Since the VAM inoculum density in this study was not different between sites under and away from the mesquite tree canopy, we concluded that VAM inoculum density is not the primary factor for the establishment of cactus seedlings and that edaphic factors probably play a more important role. Our results suggest, however, that VAM inoculum potential in these hot desert soils, although relatively low, is probably maintained in the upper layers by means of hyphal fragments rather than spores.

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“…Seedling recruitment and species diversity decline in the absence of AMF, especially during secondary succession (Gange et al 1990;Grime et al 1987). AMF fungal benefits to host plants potentially are great in nutrient poor or deficient soils or in extreme environments where the symbiosis acts to overcome plant stress (Allen and Allen 1984;Bethlenfalvay et al 1984;Miller 1979;Molina et al 1978). In stressful environments, higher plants that are mycorrhizal are likely to experience a competitive advantage over those that are non-mycorrhizal (Doerr et al 1984;Filler 1985).…”

Section: Downy Brome and Soil Symbiontsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed Bank Depletion: The Key to Long-Term Downy Brome ( Bromus tectorum L.) Management

Sebastian

Nissen

Sebastian³

et al. 2017

Rangeland Ecology & Management

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Mycorrhizae in a southern California desert: ecological implications

Cited by 71 publications

References 25 publications

Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of early stages of a secondary succession of Atlantic Forest in South Brazil

Occurrence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in soils of early stages of a secondary succession of Atlantic Forest in South Brazil

Assessment of VA mycorrhizal inoculum potential in relation to the establishment of cactus seedlings under mesquite nurse-trees in the Sonoran Desert

Seed Bank Depletion: The Key to Long-Term Downy Brome ( Bromus tectorum L.) Management

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