“…Extrachromosomal DNA, including ss-and dsDNA, associated with some spiroplasmas, mycoplasmas and acholeplasmas, has been described (Maniloff, 1988 ;Razin, 1985 ;Renaudin & Bove, 1994). Extrachromosomal DNA was also found in phytoplasmas (Davis et al, 1988 ;Sears et al, 1989 ;Bertaccini et al, 1990 ;Harrison et al, 1991 ;Goodwin et al, 1994).…”