Mycoplasma bovis  and bovine respiratory disease: A risk factor study in Australian feeder cattle

Schibrowski, Meghan; Gibson, Justine S.; Hay, Karen; Mahony, Timothy J.; Barnes, Tamsin S.

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.06.005

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Many risk factors for RTI have been identified in multiple studies, but they all used a wide variety of case definitions, covered by the BRD concept. With the exception of M. bovis (Gille et al, 2018;Schibrowski et al, 2018), hardly any studies explored pathogenspecific risk factors for detection of the pathogen itself. In bovine mastitis, identification of pathogen-groupspecific risk factors has led to targeted control and prevention, which is economically more efficient than a standard approach (Passchyn et al, 2014;Tolosa et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves

Pardon

Callens

Maris

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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Respiratory tract infections (bovine respiratory disease) are a major concern in calf rearing. The objective of this study was to identify pathogen-specific risk factors associated with epidemic respiratory disease in calves. A cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 128 outbreaks (29 dairy, 58 dairy-mixed, and 41 beef) in Belgium (2016Belgium ( -2018. A semiquantitative PCR for 7 respiratory pathogens was done on a pooled nonendoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage sample for each herd. Potential risk factors were collected by questionnaire and derived from the national cattle registration databank. Most outbreaks occurred between October and March, and single and multiple viral infections were detected in 58.6% (75/128) and 13.3% (17/128), respectively. Bovine coronavirus (BCV) was the most frequently isolated virus (38.4%), followed by bovine respiratory syncytial virus (bRSV; 29.4%) and parainfluenzavirus type 3 (PI-3; 8.1%). Mycoplasma bovis, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, and Histophilus somni were detected in 33.3, 41.2, 89.1, and 36.4% of the herds, respectively. Specific risk factors for BCV detection were detection of M. haemolytica [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8 (95% confidence interval = 1.1-7.5)], increasing herd size [OR = 1.3 (1.0-1.8) for each increase with 100 animals] and detection of BCV by antigen ELISA on feces in calves in the last year [OR = 3.6 (1.2-11.1)]. A seasonal effect was shown for bRSV only {more in winter compared with autumn [OR = 10.3 (2.8-37.5)]}. Other factors associated with bRSV were PI-3 detection [OR = 13.4 (2.1-86.0)], prevalence of calves with respiratory disease [OR = 1.02 (1.00-1.04) per 1% increase], and number of days with respiratory signs before sampling [OR = 0.99 (0.98-0.99) per day increase]. Next to its association with BCV, M. haemolytica was more frequently detected in herds with 5 to 10 animals per pen [OR = 8.0 (1.4-46.9)] compared with <5 animals, and in herds with sawdust as bedding [OR = 18.3 (1.8-191.6)]. Also, for H. somni, housing on sawdust was a risk factor [OR = 5.2 (1.2-23.0)]. Purchase of cattle [OR = 2.9 (1.0-8.0)] and housing of recently purchased animals in the same airspace [OR = 5.0 (1.5-16.5)] were risk factors for M. bovis.This study identified pathogen-specific risk factors that might be useful for the development of customized control and prevention and for the design of decision support tools to justify antimicrobial use by predicting the most likely pathogen before sampling results are available.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves

Pardon

Callens

Maris

et al. 2020

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…A designação de pneumonia enzoótica ou complexo respiratório é dada a uma série de agentes etiológicos, dentre eles, o vírus respiratório sincicial bovino, vírus parainfluenza tipo 3, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni, Ureaplasma diversum e algumas espécies de Mycoplasma spp. [12,21,30]. Estes agentes etiológicos associados aos fatores ambientais, nutricionais e imunológicos desencadeiam um conjunto de sinais clínicos caracterizados por febre, tosse, secreção nasal e respiração ruidosa [4], sinais estes evidenciados nos bovinos deste estudo, acrescido de lacrimejamento e muco nas fezes.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Cattle and Sheep Diseases Diagnosed in the State of Tocantins - Brazil

Oliveira

Ramos

Cunha

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:Knowing the different diseases that affect the herds of a region is a fundamental necessity, because sanity is one of the main factors limiting animal production. Several studies have reported the diseases affecting the animals of various regions of Brazil; however, no such study was carried out in the state of Tocantins so far. Thus, the objective of this work is to report the main diseases diagnosed in cattle and sheep in the central and northern regions of the state of Tocantins, between January 2011 and December 2015. Materials, Methods & Results:The records and reports of the cattle and sheep treated by the clinicians and pathologists of the Ruminants Medical Clinic (SCMR) of the University Veterinary Hospital (HVU), School of Veterinary Medicine and Zootecnia (EMVZ), University Federal of Tocantins (UFT) during the study period were evaluated. The cases were classified into two categories, conclusive and inconclusive; the cases with conclusive diagnosis were classified according to the etiology and the organic systems involved. In the period of five years, 697 cattle and sheep were treated in the SCMR. The diagnoses were made using epidemiological, clinical, and pathological data, and in some cases, using complementary tests. Among the 697 cases reviewed, 692 (99.2%) and 5 (0.8%) cases were diagnosed conclusively and inconclusively, respectively. The most affected system was the digestive system, which accounted for 260 (37.6%) cases; this was followed by the locomotor 130 (18.8%) cases, nervous 56 (8.1%) cases, reproductive 57 (8.2%) cases, urinary 50 (7.2%) cases, skin 16 (2.3%) cases, muscular 11 (2%) cases, respiratory 34 (4.9%) cases, hemolymphopoietic 28 (3.5%) cases, endocrine 24 (3.5%) cases, sense organs 22 (3.2%) cases, and cardiovascular 4 (0.6%) cases. A total of 220 (31.6%) parasitic, 202 (29%) infectious, 106 (15.2%) toxic, 96 (13.8%) nutritional, 52 (7.5%) by physical agents, and 6 (0.8%) congenital/hereditary diseases were identified. Diseases of neoplastic, metabolic, and inconclusive nature represented 15 (2.1%) cases. Discussion: In this study, the most affected organic system was the digestive system. The disturbances of the digestive system in production animals are reported to comprise a group of important diseases, and they are responsible for large economic losses. Parasitic, infectious, and toxic diseases were more frequently diagnosed, a result similar to those of other studies carried out in Brazil. Haemonchosis was the most frequently occurring parasitic disease and occurrence in sheep. The characteristic clinical signs such as submandibular edema and pallor of the mucosa/carcass and the visualization of the abomasal mucosa in adult specimens on necropsy enabled the diagnosis of this disease. The foot injury were the most frequent disease among the others of the infectious order and affected the sheep. Such lesions are characterized by inflammation and ulceration of the skin of the digits, in which numerous bacteria are isolated. The most frequent toxic disorder was bo...

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“…This study highlighted the importance of M. bovis inside the feedlot operation. M. bovis is a slow growing, host-specific commensal that has been implicated in a number of bovine diseases including mastitis, arthritis, pneumonia, and in some reproductive losses, 31 and particularly in the development of lung lesions in cattle. 32 Whilst it is accepted that M. bovis can be causal for respiratory disease outbreaks in cattle, particularly when present in combination with other BRDcausing microorganisms, 33,34 this study is the first to identify that cattle entering the Australian feedlot system at induction are not carrying detectable levels of M. bovis in their upper respiratory tract compared to cattle located in the hospital pen at the same location.…”

Section: Mycoplasma Bovis As An Integrated Player In Brd Risk In Feedlotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficiency‐corrected PCR quantification for identification of prevalence and load of respiratory disease‐causing agents in feedlot cattle

et al. 2022

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Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the most prevalent disease in feedlot cattle worldwide with Bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoAHV1), Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolytica, Mycoplasma bovis, Pasteurella multocida and Trueperella pyogenes accepted to be common etiological agents associated with BRD. Although these agents are common in the upper and lower airways in clinical BRD cases, some also exist as normal flora suggesting their presence in the upper airways alone is not necessarily informative with respect to disease status or risk. To determine the relationship between presence, load and disease status, we investigated the relationship between load in the upper airways at induction and active BRD cases in feedlot cattle using efficiency-corrected PCR quantification. By this approach, we were able to accurately determine the prevalence and load of the key BRD agents in the upper respiratory tract showing that cattle in the hospital pen had a higher prevalence, and load, of these agents both singly and in combination compared to cattle sampled at feedlot induction. A combination of agents was the most accurate indicator of BRD risk with cattle with four or more agents detected in the upper airway more likely to be undergoing treatment for BRD than non-BRD ailments. In addition, M. bovis was rarely detected at feedlot induction but was identified at high prevalence in cattle in the hospital pen. These findings present a potential new technological approach for the investigation, analysis and identification of BRD-associated viral and bacterial agents for Australian feedlot systems as well as for BRD disease management and treatment.

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Mycoplasma bovis and bovine respiratory disease: A risk factor study in Australian feeder cattle

Cited by 17 publications

References 29 publications

Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves

Pathogen-specific risk factors in acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in calves

Cattle and Sheep Diseases Diagnosed in the State of Tocantins - Brazil

Efficiency‐corrected PCR quantification for identification of prevalence and load of respiratory disease‐causing agents in feedlot cattle

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