Mycoflora of the 'green water' culture system of tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon Fabricius

Abstract

This study was conducted to quantify and characterize the myco£ora associated with the 'green water' culture system of Penaeus monodon. Samples of water, tilapia gut and mucus, and shrimp hepatopancreas from three shrimp farms were collected during 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of culture (DOC). Results showed that high fungal loads were observed in tilapia gut (total: 117^1352 colony forming unit (CFU) 5 cm hind gut À1 ; yeasts: 0^136 CFU 5 cm hind gut À1 ) and mucus (total: 12^311CFU (5 cm 2 ) À 1 ; yeasts: 0^88 CFU (5 cm 2 ) À 1 ), while minimal fungal populations were observed in water samples (total: 0^110 CFU mL À1 ; yeasts: 0^5 CFUml À1 ). Shrimp hepatopancreas harboured a very low number of ¢lamentous fungi (0^27 CFU 0.1g À1 ) and yeasts (0^7 CFU 0.1g À1 ) especially at 60 DOC. The ¢lamentous fungal isolates were dominated by Penicillium and Aspergillus species, while the yeast populations were dominated by Rhodotorula and Saccharomyces species. The dominance of these fungi on tilapia mucus and gut and their presence in the rearing water might play an important role in the overall mechanisms involved in the control of luminousVibrio in the 'green water'grow-out culture of P. monodon.

Yeasts from Macrobrachium amazonicum: a focus on antifungal susceptibility and virulence factors of Candida spp.

“…were the predominantly isolated ones, similar to that observed by Lu et al , 1998 and Leaño et al , 2005 in studies with captive giant river prawns and tiger prawns, respectively. The water‐sampling methodology used in this research differed from those mentioned by other authors (Lu et al , 1998; Leaño et al , 2005; Medeiros et al , 2008), which could have accounted for the low recovery rate of yeasts, including the inability to obtain C. albicans from cultivation water. However, these authors studied the quality of water from natural sources or ponds, but not from tanks equipped with closed water circulation system, which justifies their need to work with larger volumes of water.…”

“…The three predominant genera of filamentous fungi found in cultivation water of this study, Penicillium, Cladosporium and Aspergillus , were also found in an investigation of filamentous fungi in cultivation water of tilapia and tiger prawns by Leaño et al , 2005. Penicillium sp.…”

“…Most pathogenic fungi for prawns and shrimps belong to the microbiota of cultivation water and are secondary or opportunistic invaders. These microorganisms cause cultivation problems only when the animals are submitted to inadequate management conditions, which favor the dissemination of other diseases (Leaño et al , 2005). Hence, the animals were kept under adequate management conditions…”

Potential Growth Inhibition Activity of Fecal Materials, Mucus and Cultured Water of Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus on Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (Ahpnd) - Causing Pathogen Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

“…The authors also suggested that fish-associated microflora may present anti-Vibrio activity. It was reported that the gut and feces of tilapia abound with useful fungi e.g., Penicillium and Aspergillus and yeasts, which could work against the proliferation of luminous bacteria V. harveyi (Leaño et al, 2005). Similarly, Lio-Po et al, (2005) reported that the ability of the "green water" to prevent the outbreaks of luminous vibriosis in the tiger shrimp grow-out ponds could be attributed to the presence of anti-Vibrio factors in micro-biota in the water, and on the skin mucus of tilapia.…”

“…It was reported that the gut and feces of tilapia abound with useful fungi e.g., Penicillium and Aspergillus and yeasts, which could work against the proliferation of luminous bacteria V. harveyi (Leaño et al, 2005). Similarly, Lio-Po et al, (2005) reported that the ability of the "green water" to prevent the outbreaks of luminous vibriosis in the tiger shrimp grow-out ponds could be attributed to the presence of anti-Vibrio factors in micro-biota in the water, and on the skin mucus of tilapia. In addition, Tran et al, (2014) reported that using tilapia in the reservoirs of shrimp farms prior to stocking shrimp could induce healthy, balanced biota communities in the pond water, which could give beneficial effects to AHPND prevention.…”