Mutations in a satellite RNA of turnip crinkle virus result in addition of poly(U) in vivo

Carpenter, Clifford D.; Cascone, Pamela J.; Simon, Anne

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(91)90988-n

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The CMV satellite RNAs and RNAs C and D of TCV are the only satellitelike RNAs for which sequence variation has been observed in planta, within an evolving population derived from a homogeneous source (i.e., RNA transcripts of a cDNA clone) (19,23,25,89,118). Sequence variation was observed in one region of several satellites after either one or a few passages.…”

Section: Sequence Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite RNAs of plant viruses: structures and biological effects.

Roossinck

Sleat

Palukaitis

1992

Microbiological Reviews

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Sequence Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite RNAs of plant viruses: structures and biological effects.

Roossinck

Sleat

Palukaitis

1992

Microbiological Reviews

179

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The process by which multiple A nucleotides were inserted into LC and TL during (ϩ)-RNA synthesis or corresponding U nucleotides were inserted during (Ϫ)-RNA synthesis remains to be determined. Carpenter et al (1991) observed poly(U) addition when TCV sat-RNA C transcripts containing small deletions were inoculated onto plants and postulated that this process may occur by replicase stuttering. For the mononegavirales, including the Paramyxoviridae and Filoviridae, cotranscriptional insertion of nontemplated nucleotides produces new ORFs, presumably by polymerase stuttering or slippage (Volchkov et al, 1995;Sanchez et al, 1996; for review, see Kolakofsky and Hausmann, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoration of a Stem-Loop Structure Required for Potato Virus X RNA Accumulation Indicates Selection for a Mismatch and a GNRA Tetraloop

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The 5' region of potato virus X (PVX) RNA contains a stem-loop structure, stem-loop 1 (SL1), that is required for efficient plus-strand RNA accumulation. To determine how changes to individual elements in SL1 are accommodated by the virus, we inoculated PVX transcripts containing modifications in the terminal tetraloop (TL), stem C (SC), and stem D (SD) regions onto Nicotiana benthamiana plants and analyzed progeny RNAs over a series of passages. Several progeny RNAs isolated from plants inoculated with the TL mutants containing changes to the first nucleotide of the GAAA motif or deletion of the entire TL sequence were found to contain multiple A insertions within the terminal loop region. The wild-type TL motif, GAAA, was recovered for all TL mutants by the second passage, suggesting that the sequence and potential structure of this element are crucial for PVX infection. Revertant RNAs isolated from plants inoculated with mutants in SD and the central region of SC indicated that increased stem length is tolerated. Restoration of SD length to the 4 bp typical of the wild-type PVX RNA was accompanied by A insertion into loop C. Mutants with a conversion of the C55-C78 mismatch to a G-C pair, relocation of this mismatch within the central region of SC, or deletion of C55-C78 were unable to infect protoplasts and plants. In contrast, the mutant with a conversion of the C55-C78 mismatch to an A-C mismatch, which exhibited low levels of PVX plus-strand RNA in protoplasts, was able to infect plants and quickly reverted to the wild-type C-C mismatch. These data indicate that important sequence and secondary structural elements within SL1 are required for efficient viral infection and that multiple A insertions within the TL and loop C regions, potentially by polymerase stuttering, accompany restoration of SL1 structure.

show abstract

“…CSN was described by Simon et al (37). CNL5 was described by Carpenter et al (5). pCd3Ј8 was described by Song and Simon (39).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1, lanes 14 and 15). In vivo, plants inoculated with plus-strand RNA containing these deletions (along with TCV helper virus) accumulated substantially higher levels of dimeric sat-RNA C than the wild type (4,5,37). To test the effect that base-pairing between the 3Ј and 5Ј ends might have on synthesis of L-RNA, four bases were altered near the 5Ј end of the minus strand (5Ј-GGGCAGGC to 5Ј-GGGAUAAC; mutant DM1), which would allow eight paired residues with the 3Ј end (3Ј-CCCUAUUG).…”

Section: Vol 69 1995mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of novel products in vitro by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Song

Simon

1995

J Virol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RNA-dependent RNA polymerase from turnip crinkle virus-infected turnip transcribes both strands of a virus-associated satellite RNA, sat-RNA C (356 bases), in vitro. While both plus-and minus-strand sat-RNA C can direct the synthesis of full-length complementary-strand products, transcription of minus-strand RNA also generates two non-template-sized products, L-RNA and S-RNA (C. Song and A. E. Simon, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:8792-8796, 1994). Here we report that synthesis of L-RNA and S-RNA results from terminal elongation of the 3 end of the template. L-RNA has a panhandle structure and is composed of minus-strand template covalently linked to newly synthesized RNA complementary to its 5 190 bases. S-RNA is composed of template covalently linked to its full-length complementary strand. All minus-strand templates tested yielded S-RNA. However, synthesis of L-RNA was affected by deletion of the 3 end of the minus-strand template or several internal regions and base alterations near the 5 end or in an internal sequence immediately upstream from the template-product junction that could potentially form a heteroduplex with the 3 end. Furthermore, mutations that disrupted or restored a stem-loop involved in RNA recombination in vivo affected the level of L-RNA produced in vitro, suggesting that the mechanisms for intramolecular formation of panhandle RNAs and intermolecular RNA recombination involve similar features.

show abstract

Mutations in a satellite RNA of turnip crinkle virus result in addition of poly(U) in vivo

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Satellite RNAs of plant viruses: structures and biological effects.

Satellite RNAs of plant viruses: structures and biological effects.

Restoration of a Stem-Loop Structure Required for Potato Virus X RNA Accumulation Indicates Selection for a Mismatch and a GNRA Tetraloop

Synthesis of novel products in vitro by an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About