Mutation or Variation of<i>Escherichia coli</i>with Respect to Growth Requirements

Roepke, Raymond R.; Libby, Raymond L.; Small, Margaret H.

doi:10.1128/jb.48.4.401-412.1944

Cited by 79 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The latter effect may be due to the buffering action of the yeast extract preparation. Similar results were obtainied when an arginine-free mixture of amino acids and growth factors (as used by Roepke et al, 1944) was added in place of the yeast extract preparation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

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Relation Between the Rate of Growth of a Mutant Strain of Escherichia coli and the Efficiency of Its Utilization of Arginine

Lampen¹,

Jones²

1947

J Bacteriol

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A mutant strain of Escherichia coli that requires the addition of arginine for growth was isolated in this laboratory by Roepke et. al. (1944) following serial transfer of the parent culture in a complete medium. This strain (1572-228)2 is unable to utilize citrulline or ornithine for growth even in the presence of limiting concentrations of arginine.3 During studies on the determination of arginine by the use of this mutant strain, we observed that the final turbidity reached by the organism with limiting concentrations of arginine was decreased by the addition of an arginine-free mixture of amino acids and growth factors or of a yeast extract preparation which had been freed of arginine by alkaline hydrolysis. This effect of supplements was similar to that noted in experiments with mutant 532-171, which requires the addition of methionine for growth (Lampen et al., 1947).This report deals with the conditions under which the decreased final turbidity is observed and the effect of this phenomenon on the assay of arginine in protein hydrolyzates. EXPERIMENTALThe basal medium (glucose, asparagine, and salts) and the general methods employed have been reported previously (Lampen et al., 1947). Arginine-low natural materials were prepared by alkaline hydrolysis. This treatment converts arginine to citrulline and ornithine (Fox, 1938). Ten-gram samples of Difco yeast extract or of Difco peptone were dissolved in 100 ml of 5 N NaOH and autoclaved at 15 pounds' pressure for 1 hour and for 3 hours. The hydrolyzates were neutralized with 10 N H2SO4 and diluted to 200 ml. Each ml was then equivalent to 50 mg of the original material. The yeast extract had contained 0.16 per cent arginine (by assay with the mutant strain) before hydrolysis and the peptone 3.9 per cent. After 1 hour of hydrolysis the yeast extract did not support growth of the mutant at concentrations to 50 mg per 10 ml (< 0.02 per cent arginine) whereas the peptone still contained 0.2 per cent arginine after 3 hours. A yeast extract sample hydrolyzed 1 hour was employed in the experiments described here.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Received for publication December 26, 1946 A mutant strain of Escherichia coli that requires the addition of arginine for growth was isolated in this laboratory by Roepke et. al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relation Between the Rate of Growth of a Mutant Strain of Escherichia coli and the Efficiency of Its Utilization of Arginine

Lampen¹,

Jones²

1947

J Bacteriol

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“…The biosynthesis of glycine in Escherichia coli K-12 involves the conversion of serine to glycine by serine transhydroxymethylase (STHM) (8,15). This has been considered to be the only pathway for glycine biosynthesis in E. coli K-12 since a STHM-deficient strain requires glycine for growth (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Derivation of glycine from threonine in Escherichia coli K-12 mutants

Fraser¹,

Newman²

1975

J Bacteriol

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Escherichia coli AT2046 has been shown previously to lack the enzyme serine transhydroxymethylase and to require exogenous glycine for growth as a consequence. Strains JEV73 and JEV73R, mutants derived from strain AT2046, are shown here to be serine transhydroxymethylase deficient, but able to derive their glycine from endogenously synthesized threonine. Leucine is shown to be closely involved in the regulation of biosynthesis of glycine, to spare glycine in strain AT2046T, to replace glycine in strain JEV73, and to increase threonine conversion to glycine in a representative prototroph of E. coli. An interpretation of strains JEV73 and JEV73R as regulatory mutants of strain AT2046 is given. A hypothesis as to the role of leucine as a signal for nitrogen scavenging is suggested.

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“…The isolation of growth-factor-requiring mutant strains of Escherichia coli from cultures exposed to X-rays during growth in a broth medium, and in one case from a culture transferred serially in broth without X-ray treatment, has been reported (Roepke, Libby, and Small, 1944). The yield of mutant strains was relatively low and variable, and the procedures would tend to limit the mutant strains to those able to grow at least as rapidly as the parent strain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%