Mutagenic Activity of Atmospheric Ultrafine Particles at a Roadside Site and a Suburban Site

Kawanaka, Youhei; Matsumoto, Emiko; Wang, Ning; Tsuchiya, Y.; Yun, Sun-Ja; Jiang, Zhao Wu; Sakamoto, Kazuhiko

doi:10.1248/jhs.52.352

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, UFPs are believed to be more harmful than PM 2.5 at the same mass concentration. For example, roadside measurements of nitroarene particles with UFP or accumulation mode particle (particle size, 0.15-0.5 µm) diameters showed that the mutagenicity per unit mass of UFPs was significantly higher (Kawanaka et al, 2006(Kawanaka et al, , 2008. The main sources of UFPs include diesel and gasoline vehicle emissions in urban areas; in particular, many nuclear mode particles (particle size, 0.01-0.03 µm) are emitted from diesel engines (Kittelson, 1998;Geller et al, 2005;Vouitsis et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Artifacts Generated during Collection of Ultrafine Particles Using an Inertial Filter Sampler

Kuwabara

Sekiguchi

Sankoda

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two artifacts were observed during collection of atmospheric ultrafine particles (UFPs; < 100 nm diameter) using an inertial filter (INF) sampler recently developed for this purpose. These artifacts were evaluated. First, the adsorption of organic and ionic gas onto a quartz fiber filter installed in the INF sampler was evaluated to provide information on the positive artifact; this information is important for accurate analysis of the UFP components. Gas adsorption by the INF sampler was similar to or less than that of other devices for collecting UFPs. The gas adsorption of organic carbon (OC) fractions, and ionic components of NH 4 + , NO 3 -and SO 4 2-was confirmed, and the adsorption of OC1 and ionic components were highly dependent on the concentration of the gas and the UFP concentration under ambient conditions. These results suggest that it is necessary to know the concentration of the UFPs on the filter in order to evaluate the exact concentrations of UFP components under high flow rate conditions. Second, the efficiency of UFP collection on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) filter installed in the INF sampler was evaluated to clarify the negative artifact. The data confirmed that the efficiency of collection changed with changing structure such as pore size, porosity and thickness of the filter. The structure of these filters and UFPs collected on there were observed by a scanning electron microscopy. The highest particle collection efficiency (almost 100%) was obtained by installing two thick membrane PTFE filters. The collection of UFPs using a sampler comprising several filter stages is a convenient and useful method for evaluating positive and negative artifacts and for quantifying the concentration of components of UFPs.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Artifacts Generated during Collection of Ultrafine Particles Using an Inertial Filter Sampler

Kuwabara

Sekiguchi

Sankoda

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Τα στελέχη του μικροοργανισμού Salmonella typhimurium που χρησιμοποιούνται είναι τα TA98 (Cerna et al, 1999(Cerna et al, , 2000Binkova et al, 2003;Brits et al, 2004;Cassoni et al, 2004;Du Four et al, 2004;Erdinger et al, 2004;Pastorkova et al, 2004;Gilli et al, 2007;Kawanaka et al, 2006Kawanaka et al, , 2008, TA100 (Cerna et al, 1999(Cerna et al, , 2000Binkova et al, 2003;Du Four et al, 2004;Erdinger et al, 2004), YG1041 (Pastorkova et al, 2004), YG1024 (Kameda et al, 2004b;Kawanaka et al, 2008), ενώ χρησιμοποιείται ηπατικός μεταβολίτης (S9) για την ενεργοποίηση της ικανότητας μεταλλαξιγένεσης των οργανικών ενώσεων που περιέχονται στα σωματίδια.…”

Section: δοκιμές μεταλλαξιγόνου δραστικότητας-Ames Testunclassified

“…Όπως φαίνεται από το σχήμα 1.8, η μεταλλαξιγόνος δραστικότητα αυξάνεται με τη μείωση του μεγέθους των σωματιδίων (Pagano et al, 1996;Endo et al, 2003;Kawanaka et al, 2004Kawanaka et al, , 2006, εξαιτίας της περιεκτικότητάς τους σε τοξικές οργανικές ενώσεις (Kawanaka et al, 2004(Kawanaka et al, , 2006de Kok et al, 2006;Claxton and Woodall, 2007).…”

Section: κατά μέγεθος κατανομή της μεταλλαξιγόνου δραστικότητας των αιωρούμενων σωματιδίωνunclassified

“…Σχήμα 1.9. Κατά μέγεθος κατανομή της μεταλλαξιγόνου δραστικότητας για δύο στελέχη Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, YG1024) σε προάστιο βόρεια του Τόκυο (Ιαπωνία) (Kawanaka et al, 2004) (Pagano et al, 1996;Binkova et al, 2003;Cassoni et al, 2004;Kawanaka et al, 2004Kawanaka et al, , 2006Du Four et al, 2004;Gilli et al, 2007). Η υψηλότερη δραστικότητα της ψυχρής περιόδου αποδόθηκε στις εκπομπές της οικιακής θέρμανσης (Pagano et al, 1996;Zwoźdiak et al, 2004) καθώς και στην υψηλότερη κατανάλωση καυσίμων από τα οχήματα στις χαμηλότερες θερμοκρασίες (Zwoźdiak et al, 2004).…”

Section: κατά μέγεθος κατανομή της μεταλλαξιγόνου δραστικότητας των αιωρούμενων σωματιδίωνunclassified

“…Υπάρχουν αρκετές βιβλιογραφικές αναφορές για την κατά μέγεθος κατανομή της μεταλλαξιγόνου δραστικότητας των αιωρούμενων σωματιδίων (Pagano et al, 1996;Endo et al, 2003;Kawanaka et al, 2004Kawanaka et al, , 2006Kawanaka et al, , 2008. Ωστόσο, η κλασμάτωση των αιωρούμενων σωματιδίων σε διαφορετικά μεγέθη και η χρήση διαφορετικών στελεχών καθιστούν δύσκολη τη σύγκριση των ερευνητικών αποτελεσμάτων.…”

Section: Mεταλλαξιγόνος δραστικότηταunclassified

See 2 more Smart Citations

Μελέτη Της Κατανομής Και Της Βιοδραστικότητας Σωματιδιακών Οργανικών Ρύπων Στην Ατμόσφαιρα Αστικών Περιοχών

Chrysikou¹,

Χρυσικού²

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this research was (1) to investigate the distribution of organic compounds associated with size segregated atmospheric aerosols, (2) to determine the redox activity and the mutagenicity of size-fractionated particulate matter (PM) and (3) to assess the role of organic species in generating these biological activities. More precisely, the concentrations of 18 PAHs, 2 NPAHs, 19 OCPs, 6 PCBs, 10 AHs and 2 isoprenoids compounds were determined in different size fractions. Seasonal variations of concentration levels, particle size distribution were also examined, so as to estimate their ambient environmental sources and to provide helpful information about the environmental levels of these harmful substances. Furthermore, the biological effects of size-separated PM were determined by measuring the mutagenicity using S.Typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100, with and without metabolic activation and the redox activity. Data form the biological tests were correlated with chemical data in order to elucidate the mutagenicity and the redox activity of size fractions as a result of the presence of the targeted compounds or not. Sample acquisition was carried out at an urban site of Thessaloniki, adjacent to a busy street, during winter (11-27 December 2007) and summer (3-27 June 2008). Particles were separated into five fractions (4 stages and a back up filter) resulting in size ranges of >7,5, 7,5-3,0, 3,0-1,5, 1,5-0,95, <0,95 μm. During the analytical procedure, organic extracts were fractionated using glass column chromatography and all 4 fractions eluted were divided into two parts for chemical analysis and biological assays. The main conclusions of this research could be summarised to the following: • Concentrations of PM and organic compounds The total PM calculated from all impactor stages were 127 μg m-3 in summer and 272 μg m-3 in winter, respectively. The concentration of PM was found to be highest at particle diameters <0,95 μm in both sampling campaigns. Significant seasonal variations were observed in particle size fractions 0,95-1,5 μm, 1,5-3,0 μm with the highest concentrations during the cold period. Total n-alkanes (sum of all size fractions), ΣΝΑ were 59,4 ng m-3 in summer and 123 ng m-3 in winter, respectively. The concentrations of ΣΝΑ and of several AHs in various size fractions were significantly higher in winter, reflecting inputs from central heating. ΣOCPs mean concentrations (sum of all size fractions) were 101 pg m-3 in summer and 217 pg m-3 in winter, respectively. ΣPCBs mean concentrations varied from 12 pg m-3 in the cold period to 93 pg m-3 in the warm period. The highest concentrations of these species were found on particles <0,95 μm in both sampling campaigns. Elevated levels of several of these compounds during summer are attributed to an increasing input of secondary sources e.g volatilization from environmental compartments. Total PAH concentrations (sum of all size fractions) ΣPAH, ranged from 8,54 ng m-3 in summer to 24,6 ng m-3 in winter, respectively. Seasonal variations were important for ΣPAH (particles <0,95 μm, 0,95-1,5 μm, TSP) and for several PAHs in the various size ranges with the highest concentrations found in winter period. Even though, the concentrations of ΣPAH in particles >7,5 μm were significantly higher in summer period.

show abstract

Contribution of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the mutagenicity of ultrafine particles in the roadside atmosphere

Kawanaka¹,

Matsumoto²,

Wang³

et al. 2008

Atmospheric Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mutagenic Activity of Atmospheric Ultrafine Particles at a Roadside Site and a Suburban Site

Abstract: 3), although the activity in the fine particle fraction at the roadside site was only 1.4-fold higher than that at the suburban site. These results indicated that, with regard to mutagenicity, the health risk due to ultrafine particles is relatively high at roadside areas.

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Evaluation of Artifacts Generated during Collection of Ultrafine Particles Using an Inertial Filter Sampler

Evaluation of Artifacts Generated during Collection of Ultrafine Particles Using an Inertial Filter Sampler

Μελέτη Της Κατανομής Και Της Βιοδραστικότητας Σωματιδιακών Οργανικών Ρύπων Στην Ατμόσφαιρα Αστικών Περιοχών

Contribution of nitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the mutagenicity of ultrafine particles in the roadside atmosphere

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About