Mutagenic activity and chemical analysis of airborne particulates collected in Pisa (Italy)

Vellosi, R.; Vannucchi, Camila Infantosi; Bianchi, Fabrizio; Fiorio, R.; Rosellini, D.; Ciacchini, G.; Giaconi, V.; Bronzetti, G.

doi:10.1007/bf00197838

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Corresponding to the distribution of PAH content, the highest mutagenic effects were observed in winter-the time of domestic heating-in both regions (Table V). A similar seasonal variability in the mutagenicity of airborne particles with a higher concentration of PAHs has been reported in studies from Holland (Alink et al, 1983), Italy (Vellosi et al, 1994), and Poland (Zwoździak et al, 2001). It is important to note that although most samples from the La Plata region displayed similar behavior, the mutagenic response of samples from the control area for this region showed a high number of revertants per mass of particulate matter for the sample obtained in summer.…”

Section: Mutagenicitysupporting

confidence: 77%

Assessment of mutagenicity and toxicity of different‐size fractions of air particulates from La Plata, Argentina, and Leipzig, Germany

Massolo

Müller

Tueros

et al. 2002

Environmental Toxicology

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Airborne particulates, especially fine particles and bound chemical compounds, are a potential mediator of adverse health effects. In this study an analysis was done of the concentration and size distribution of air particulate matter, the content of bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and the biological effects of organic extracts from different fractions of dust that had been influenced by urban and industrial emissions from the regions of La Plata, Argentina, and Leipzig, Germany, along with samples from control areas. Air particulate matter was sampled in summer and winter in each region using a high-volume sampler with a six-stage cascade impactor, classifying dust in six size fractions from 10-microm particles to those less than 0.49 microm in size. Organic extracts of dust were tested for mutagenicity (Ames test, Salmonella typhimurium TA98 strain, S9+) and cytotoxicity (Tetrahymena pyriformis test system, growth rate, cell respiration). The content of PAHs was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array and fluorescence detection. Mutagenic and cytotoxic effects were found to be associated with very fine (<0.49 microm) and fine (<1.5 microm) particle-bound compounds, corresponding to a higher content of PAHs. The mutagenic potency (revertants/m(3)) associated with particles less than 0.49 microm from urban areas of La Plata was about 1 order of magnitude higher than in particles in the range of 3.0 to 0.49 microm. Fine fractions from sites with an industrial burden were also found to exhibit high mutagenic potency. A similar tendency was observed in cytotoxicity tests with T. pyriformis. This cell system proved to be very sensitive to toxicants in tested dust fractions. The observed biological effects were found to be correlated significantly with concentrations of total PAH, carcinogenic PAHs, and benzo[a]pyrene.

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Section: Mutagenicitysupporting

confidence: 77%

Assessment of mutagenicity and toxicity of different‐size fractions of air particulates from La Plata, Argentina, and Leipzig, Germany

Massolo

Müller

Tueros

et al. 2002

Environmental Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Meanwhile in the less polluted areas, cells with comet were < 2% with a tail moment of 0.01–0.02. Other studies found similar result where the genotoxicity of organic extracts of particles collected from dense traffic area were greater than in limited traffic area according to the same comet assay [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…Samples taken at sea port in addition to sugar factory (site2), at diesel driven trucks (site 7) and at garbage burning in addition to truck routes (site 8) showed higher mutagenic activities in the Salmonella test with 20, 34, and 56 adjustable rev/m 3 respectively, meanwhile samples from the residential or petrol driven motor vehicle sites (sites 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, 11) showed an average of 6 rev/m 3 . Similar studies using Ames assay, showed that revertants number of TA98 strain was higher in dense traffic sectors than in sectors where traffic was more limited [44, 47]. It worth noticing that EOM from site 1 was more genotoxic in comet assay than in the mutagenicity Ames test .This could be due to the nature of the comopounds at the two sites; this emphasizes the need to use more than one test for genotoxicity screening of air pollutants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Genotoxicity of Air Borne Particulates Assessed by Comet and the Salmonella Mutagenicity Test in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

ElAssouli

AlQahtani

Milaat

2007

IJERPH

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Fine airborne respirable particulates less than 10 micrometer (PM10) are considered one of the top environmental public health concerns, since they contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) which are among the major carcinogenic compounds found in urban air. The objective of this study is to assess the genotoxicity of the ambient PM10 collected at 11 urban sites in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The PM10 extractable organic matter (EOM) was examined for its genotoxicity by the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) comet assay and the Salmonella mutagenicity (Ames) test. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to quantify 16 PAH compounds in four sites. Samples from oil refinery and heavy diesel vehicles traffic sites showed significant DNA damage causing comet in 20–44% of the cells with tail moments ranging from 0.5–2.0 compared to samples from petrol driven cars and residential area, with comet in less than 2% of the cells and tail moments of < 0.02.In the Ames test, polluted sites showed indirect mutagenic response and caused 20–56 rev/ m3, mean while residential and reference sites caused 2–15 rev /m3. The genotoxicity of the EOM in both tests directly correlated with the amount of organic particulate and the PAHs concentrations in the air samples. The PAHs concentrations ranged between 0.83 ng/m3 in industrial and heavy diesel vehicles traffic sites to 0.18 ng /m3 in the residential area. Benzo(ghi)pyrene was the major PAH components and at one site it represented 65.4 % of the total PAHs. Samples of the oil refinery site were more genotoxic in the SCGE assay than samples from the heavy diesel vehicles traffic site, despite the fact that both sites contain almost similar amount of PAHs. The opposite was true for the mutagenicity in the Ames test. This could be due to the nature of the EOM in both sites. These findings confirm the genotoxic potency of the PM10 organic extracts to which urban populations are exposed.

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Bioassay-directed chemical analysis of genotoxic components in urban airborne particulate matter from Barcelona (Spain)

et al. 1995

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Mutagenic activity and chemical analysis of airborne particulates collected in Pisa (Italy)

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Assessment of mutagenicity and toxicity of different‐size fractions of air particulates from La Plata, Argentina, and Leipzig, Germany

Assessment of mutagenicity and toxicity of different‐size fractions of air particulates from La Plata, Argentina, and Leipzig, Germany

Genotoxicity of Air Borne Particulates Assessed by Comet and the Salmonella Mutagenicity Test in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Bioassay-directed chemical analysis of genotoxic components in urban airborne particulate matter from Barcelona (Spain)

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