Museum records indicate male bias in pollinators of sexually deceptive orchids

Brunton-Martin, Amy L.; Gaskett, Anne C.; O’Hanlon, James C.

doi:10.1007/s00114-021-01737-x

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…excelsa were reported before 1980, based on the public databases records, the pollinator is available during the whole flowering period of this orchid ( S3 Table ). On the other hand, based on museum records Brunton Martin et al [ 106 ] demonstrate that male orchid dupe wasps can be less abundant between May and September so that the synchronization of the flowering of the orchid and male insect activity could be threatened by climate change modifying their phenology. Interestingly, the same researchers [ 106 ] also show that populations of L .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, based on museum records Brunton Martin et al [ 106 ] demonstrate that male orchid dupe wasps can be less abundant between May and September so that the synchronization of the flowering of the orchid and male insect activity could be threatened by climate change modifying their phenology. Interestingly, the same researchers [ 106 ] also show that populations of L . excelsa are male biased in the areas where C .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of global warming on the Australian endemic orchid Cryptostylis leptochila and its pollinator

Kolanowska

Michalska

2023

PLoS ONE

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Ecological stability together with the suitability of abiotic conditions are crucial for long-term survival of any organism and the maintenance of biodiversity and self-sustainable ecosystems relies on species interactions. By influencing resource availability plants affect the composition of plant communities and ultimately ecosystem functioning. Plant-animal interactions are very complex and include a variety of exploitative and mutualistic relationships. One of the most important mutualistic interactions is that between plants and their pollinators. Coevolution generates clustered links between plants and their pollen vectors, but the pollination and reproductive success of plants is reduced by increase in the specialization of plant-animal interactions. One of the most specialized types of pollination is sexual deception, which occurs almost exclusively in Orchidaceae. In this form of mimicry, male insects are attracted to orchid flowers by chemical compounds that resemble insect female sex pheromones and pollinate the flowers during attempted copulations. These interactions are often species-specific with each species of orchid attracting only males of one or very few closely related species of insects. For sexually deceptive orchids the presence of a particular pollen vector is crucial for reproductive success and any reduction in pollinator availability constitutes a threat to the orchid. Because global warming is rapidly becoming the greatest threat to all organisms by re-shaping the geographical ranges of plants, animals and fungi, this paper focuses on predicting the effect of global warming on Cryptostylis leptochila, a terrestrial endemic in eastern Australia that is pollinated exclusively via pseudo copulation with Lissopimpla excelsa. As a species with a single pollinator this orchid is a perfect model for studies on the effect of global warming on plants and their pollen vectors. According to our predictions, global warming will cause a significant loss of suitable niches for C. leptochila. The potential range of this orchid will be 36%-75% smaller than currently and as a result the Eastern Highlands will become unsuitable for C. leptochila. On the other hand, some new niches will become available for this species in Tasmania. Simultaneously, climate change will result in a substantial expansion of niches suitable for the pollinator (44–82%). Currently ca. 71% of the geographical range of the orchid is also suitable for L. excelsa, therefore, almost 30% of the areas occupied by C. leptochila already lack the pollen vector. The predicted availability of the pollen vector increased under three of the climate change scenarios analysed. The predicted habitat loss is a serious threat to this orchid even with the potential colonization of Tasmania by this plant. In the reduced range of C. leptochila the pollen vector will also be present assuring fruit set in populations of this orchid. The genetic pool of the populations in New South Wales and Queensland will probably be lost.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of global warming on the Australian endemic orchid Cryptostylis leptochila and its pollinator

Kolanowska

Michalska

2023

PLoS ONE

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“…At a density of orchids where diploids go extinct, haplodiploids can persist with a stable, male‐biased sex ratio which keeps pollination services intact. Indeed, L. exelsa , deceived by Cryptostylis orchids, may have a sex ratio in the wild that reflects this (Brunton‐Martin et al 2021a). Still, male mating capacity remains a stronger determinant of resilience than haplodiploidy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience of haplodiploids to being exploited by sexually deceptive plants

Brunton-Martin

Gaskett

2021

Oikos

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In species with obligate sexual reproduction, scarcity of males can occasionally limit female reproductive success. It is unclear, however, whether this impacts populationlevel persistence. Sexually deceptive orchids attract mate-searching male insects who lose time, mating opportunities and may even become sperm depleted by mating with flowers. These insects are almost exclusively haplodiploid, and able to reproduce regardless of sperm availability -which might mitigate costs of deception. We model the population dynamics of deceived diploid or haplodiploid pollinators. The model reveals that haplodiploidy can enhance prospects for coexistence. If 'sperm theft' by orchids is severe enough to generate unmated females in the local pollinator pool, this enhances the production of sons, which are subsequently available to act as pollinators. The mechanism relies on female haplodiploids being able to reproduce with or without sperm; this is absent in many diploid insects -where unmated females do not reproduce. We show that this gives haplodiploids an ability to maintain higher population densities, and to persist up to higher orchid densities, than diploids. Our model identifies the enhanced resilience of haplodiploid pollinators against deceptive exploitation as a possible reason why these systems have persisted.

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“…Sexual mimicry is the most widespread among the orchid genera. For example, sexually deceptive orchids like Cryptostylis spp, which are pollinated by haplodiploid wasps (Lissopimpla excelsa), enticing male to mate with flowers that provide no reward which frequently lead to sperm loss [86]. Other than that, orchid species Ophrys heldreichii flowers tend to resemble bees in form and coloration.…”

Section: Floral Attraction By Deceitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Attractants and Rewards for Pollinators: Their Significant to Successful Crop Pollination

ZARİMAN

Omar

Huda

2022

International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology

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Plant and pollination have a mutualistic relationship where both parties offer and gain benefits for each other. The plant-pollinator interactions resulted in successful crop pollination in which the plant received pollination services by animal pollinator to increase food production that eventually increase crop economic value. Overall, ecosystem is highly dependent on pollinator thus there is a need to review potential valuation method of crop production and analyse the current understanding of the value of pollination service towards the ecosystem as well as the traits plant offer and benefits that pollinator gain from the relationship. The attractant and rewards highly depending on each other. Plant often able to attract pollinators through traits like the shape, size and colours of flower, deception, scents as well as location. In the meantime, plant would provide a reward for pollinators that visited the flower which includes food from pollen and nectar that contains high nutritional value, energetic rewards to reduce energy cost of survival, protection and shelter against predator and not to forget breeding, oviposition and mating sites inside the flower plant. This review emphasizes the ecological relationship of plant and pollinator that resulting in effective crop pollination if the attractant and incentives are significantly reliant on one another. However, there could be flaws, such as modifications to plant or environmental factors, would affect the rewards supplied and resulting in decrease crop output. With this review and current technological advancements, optimistically deeper investigations in the interaction of pollinator and flowering plant can be conducted and best pollinator management approaches can be established to secure sustainable crops production.

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Museum records indicate male bias in pollinators of sexually deceptive orchids

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

The effect of global warming on the Australian endemic orchid Cryptostylis leptochila and its pollinator

The effect of global warming on the Australian endemic orchid Cryptostylis leptochila and its pollinator

Resilience of haplodiploids to being exploited by sexually deceptive plants

Plant Attractants and Rewards for Pollinators: Their Significant to Successful Crop Pollination

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