Measuring wild pollinator services in agricultural production is very important in the context of sustainable management. In this study, we estimated the contribution of native pollinators to mango fruit set production of two mango cultivars Mangifera indica (L). cv. ‘Sala’ and ‘Chok Anan’. Visitation rates of pollinators on mango flowers and number of pollen grains adhering to their bodies determined pollinator efficiency for reproductive success of the crop. Chok Anan failed to produce any fruit set in the absence of pollinators. In natural condition, we found that Sala produced 4.8% fruit set per hermaphrodite flower while Chok Anan produced 3.1% per flower. Hand pollination tremendously increased fruit set of naturally pollinated flower for Sala (>100%), but only 33% for Chok Anan. Pollinator contribution to mango fruit set was estimated at 53% of total fruit set production. Our results highlighted the importance of insect pollinations in mango production. Large size flies Eristalinus spp. and Chrysomya spp. were found to be effective pollen carriers and visited more mango flowers compared with other flower visitors.
Melon breeding for fruit quality improvement is important to produce new varieties that meet consumers’ demand. The aim of this study was to elucidate the fruit characteristics of melon at five different maturity stages, involving several genotypes belonging to two cultivar groups: reticulatus and inodorus. The experiments were conducted in three planting seasons: (1) January-March 2015 (13 genotypes), (2) December 2015-February 2016 (56 genotypes), (3) February-May 2016 (9 genotypes). These trials were conducted at the Tajur II experimental station of IPB, Bogor, and each trial was arranged in a single factor randomized complete block design with three blocks. Maturity stages was determined based on fruit rind color and net coverage, and their effects on fruit quality were studied using combined analyses over seasons. Maturity stage significantly affected the fruit length, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, fruit weight, and sugar content. The average weight of the fruits at maturity stage 4 (838.90 g) and 5 (931.79 g) was significantly greater than that of stage 1 (584.42 g). The sugar content increased from maturity stage 2 (5.51 oBrix) to 3 (6.13 oBrix) and to 5 (8.18 oBrix). Fruit weight significantly correlated with fruit length (r = 0.53), fruit diameter (r = 0.85), fruit rind thickness (r = 0.33), and flesh thickness (r = 0.63). Maturity stages affected the quality of melon fruits, and therefore the determination of appropriate harvesting criteria is important in melon cultivations.Keywords: cantalupensis, correlation, inodorus, fruit quality, skin colour
Plant and pollination have a mutualistic relationship where both parties offer and gain benefits for each other. The plant-pollinator interactions resulted in successful crop pollination in which the plant received pollination services by animal pollinator to increase food production that eventually increase crop economic value. Overall, ecosystem is highly dependent on pollinator thus there is a need to review potential valuation method of crop production and analyse the current understanding of the value of pollination service towards the ecosystem as well as the traits plant offer and benefits that pollinator gain from the relationship. The attractant and rewards highly depending on each other. Plant often able to attract pollinators through traits like the shape, size and colours of flower, deception, scents as well as location. In the meantime, plant would provide a reward for pollinators that visited the flower which includes food from pollen and nectar that contains high nutritional value, energetic rewards to reduce energy cost of survival, protection and shelter against predator and not to forget breeding, oviposition and mating sites inside the flower plant. This review emphasizes the ecological relationship of plant and pollinator that resulting in effective crop pollination if the attractant and incentives are significantly reliant on one another. However, there could be flaws, such as modifications to plant or environmental factors, would affect the rewards supplied and resulting in decrease crop output. With this review and current technological advancements, optimistically deeper investigations in the interaction of pollinator and flowering plant can be conducted and best pollinator management approaches can be established to secure sustainable crops production.
Breeding of melon requires the availability of genetic diversity and extensive evaluations ABSTRAKPemuliaan tanaman melon memerlukan ketersediaan keragaman genetik dan evaluasi yang ekstesif pada materi genetik yang digunakan. Evaluasi karakteristik, kualitas buah, dan potensi hasil merupakan tahapan penting dalam pemuliaan tanaman melon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keragaman genetik dari 17 genotipe melon berdasarkan karakteristik kualitas buah dan mengidentifikasi genotipe potensial untuk dijadikan materi genetik dalam program pemuliaan. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga Oktober 2015 di Kebun Percobaan IPB Tajur II, Bogor Selatan (250 mdpl) menggunakan 17 genotipe melon. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) faktor tunggal dengan empat ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua karakter yang diamati kecuali umur berbunga hermaprodit. Karakter yang memiliki nilai heritabilitas arti luas lebih besar dari 50% adalah umur berbunga jantan, umur panen, panjang buah, diameter buah, tebal daging, tebal kulit, bobot, dan kadar gula. Genotipe yang memiliki potensi untuk sifat bobot buah dan kadar gula tinggi adalah P21 dan P19, sedangkan P2 dan P12 masing-masing memiliki potensi yang baik untuk bobot buah dan kadar gula saja. Karakter bobot buah memiliki korelasi positif dan nyata dengan panjang buah, diameter buah, tebal daging buah, dan tebal kulit buah. Pengelompokan berdasarkan karakter morfologi secara umum dapat memisahkan genotipe-genotipe melon reticulatus dan inodorus ke dalam grup yang berbeda.
Potassium (K) is a mineral nutrient needed by crops that influences the quality of fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to elucidate the interaction effects of genotype by KNO3 treatment (G × KNO3) on fruit traits of melon. The experiment was conducted from August to October 2016 at Tajur II Experimental Station of IPB, Bogor, following a split plot design with three replicates. The main plot was two levels of KNO3 and the subplot was eight genotypes, consisting of seven test genotypes and one check variety (Eagle). The KNO3 treatments were applied weekly, started from 7-49 DAP with 5 g L-1 concentration, ±200 ml plant-1. G × KNO3 interaction effects were significant for sugar content and titratable acidity (TA). P34 had relatively high sugar content and TA. P25 showed a significant increase of sugar content when KNO3 is added, while Eagle, P311, and P34 showed significant decrease of sugar content. Days to male flowering, days to hermaphrodite flowering, and fruit weight had high broad sense heritability (repeatability), while days to harvest, fruit diameter, flesh thickness, rind thickness, and sugar content had moderate heritability. Fruit weight had significant positive correlation with fruit diameter, flesh thickness, and rind thickness. Application of KNO3 fertilizer in practical is therefore suggested for the postive-response genotypes to KNO3.Key words: fruit quality, KNO3, melon, sugar contentABSTRAKKalium (K) merupakan mineral yang dibutuhkan oleh tanaman yang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas buah dan sayur. Pada budidaya melon umumnya, sumber mineral K diperoleh dalam bentuk KNO3. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh interaksi genotipe × perlakuan KNO3 (G × KNO3) terhadap peningkatan kualitas buah melon. Percobaan dilakukan pada bulan Agustus sampai Oktober 2016 di Kebun Percobaan IPB Tajur II, Bogor menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (split plot design) dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama merupakan perlakuan KNO3 dengan dua taraf, dan anak petak merupakan genotipe dengan delapan taraf, yang terdiri dari tujuh genotipe uji dan satu varietas pembanding (Eagle). Perlakuan KNO3 dilakukan setiap minggu mulai 7–49 HST dengan konsentrasi 5 g L-1 dan volume aplikasi ± 200 ml tanaman-1. Interaksi G × KNO3 berpengaruh nyata terhadap karakter kadar gula dan total asam tertitrasi (TAT). Genotipe P34 memiliki kadar gula dan TAT yang relatif tinggi. P25 merupakan genotipe yang menunjukkan respon positif berupa peningkatan kadar gula pada perlakuan KNO3, namun sebaliknya genotipe Eagle, P311, dan P34 justru menunjukkan penurunan kadar gula yang signifikan pada perlakuan KNO3. Karakter yang memiliki nilai heritabilitas (repeatabilitas) arti luas yang tergolong tinggi adalah umur berbunga jantan, umur berbunga hermaprodit, dan bobot buah, sedangkan yang heritabilitasnya tergolong sedang adalah umur panen, diameter buah, tebal daging buah, tebal kulit buah, dan kadar gula. Bobot buah berkorelasi positif dengan diameter buah, tebal daging buah, dan tebal kulit buah. Aplikasi pemupukan KNO3 secara praktis disarankan pada genotipe melon yang memiliki respon positif terhadap KNO3.Kata kunci: kandungan gula, KNO3, kualitas buah, melon
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.