Muscles in the Drosophila second thoracic segment are patterned independently of autonomous homeotic gene function

Roy, Sudipto; Shashidhara, L. S.; VijayRaghavan, K.

doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(06)00117-5

Cited by 43 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The following genotypes (fly stocks) were used for the experiments: Gal4/UAS system: enGFP-Gal4 (Neufeld and Edgar, 1998), Omb-Gal4/FM7a (Lecuit et al , 1996), ptc-Gal4::UAS-pzg-RNAi (Kugler and Nagel, 2007), SD-Gal4 (Roy et al , 1997; gift of K. Irvine, Rutgers, The State University of New York), UAS-Nurf301-RNAi (VDRC 24740), UAS-Nurf55-RNAi (VDRC 26455), UAS-Nurf38-RNAi (VDRC 3200) all obtained from Vienna Stock Center, UAS-pzg-RNAi (Kugler and Nagel, 2007); mutants: Df(1)N 5419 /FM7 c, N 55e11 (gift of A. Preiss, University of Hohenheim, Germany), Iswi 2 /CyoGFP (Deuring et al , 2000; gift of P. Badenhorst, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom); Nurf38 1 /CyO ( BL12206 ); Nurf301 2 /TM6GFP (Badenhorst et al , 2005); and reporter lines: m8-lacZ (Lecourtois and Schweisguth, 1995) and vg-BElacZ (Kim et al , 1996). Generally, flies were raised at 25°C on standard fly food with the exception of the Nurf301-RNAi induction assays, which were performed at 25 and at 29°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Pzg-NURF Complex Regulates Notch Target Gene Activity

Kugler

Nagel

2010

MBoC

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Pzg-NURF Complex Regulates Notch Target Gene Activity

Kugler

Nagel

2010

MBoC

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“…Ectopic-expression of Gal4-UAS transgenes (Brand and Perrimon, 1993) was performed using Dmef2-Gal4 (Ranganayakulu et al, 1998), Sd-Gal4 (Roy et al, 1997), and 5053-Gal4 (Ritzenthaler et al, 2000). All other UAS-transgene animals were made in our laboratory for this study.…”

Section: Drosophila Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We also tested a second sd-GAL4 enhancer trap reporter line with the P-element inserted into the first intron of the sd locus, which matches the wing-specific expression of sd ETX4 (Roy et al, 1997). An advantage to this GAL4 based reporter is that we could use it to induce expression of a UAS3xFLAG-Sd transgene.…”

Section: Sd Is Expressed In a Subset Of Developing Somatic And Cardiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This includes cardiac cells at stage 13 (data not shown), and by stage 16 ␤-gal is expressed in almost all cardiac cells in the heart region of the dorsal vessel ( Figure 2A). We also tested a second sd-GAL4 enhancer trap reporter line with the P-element inserted into the first intron of the sd locus, which matches the wing-specific expression of sd ETX4 (Roy et al, 1997). An advantage to this GAL4 based reporter is that we could use it to induce expression of a UAS3xFLAG-Sd transgene.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alternative Requirements for Vestigial, Scalloped, and Dmef2 during Muscle Differentiation inDrosophila melanogaster

Deng

Hughes

Bell³

et al. 2009

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Vertebrate development requires the activity of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (mef2) gene family for muscle cell specification and subsequent differentiation. Additionally, several muscle-specific functions of MEF2 family proteins require binding additional cofactors including members of the Transcription Enhancing Factor-1 (TEF-1) and Vestigiallike protein families. In Drosophila there is a single mef2 (Dmef2) gene as well single homologues of TEF-1 and vestigial-like, scalloped (sd), and vestigial (vg), respectively. To clarify the role(s) of these factors, we examined the requirements for Vg and Sd during Drosophila muscle specification. We found that both are required for muscle differentiation as loss of sd or vg leads to a reproducible loss of a subset of either cardiac or somatic muscle cells in developing embryos. This muscle requirement for Sd or Vg is cell specific, as ubiquitous overexpression of either or both of these proteins in muscle cells has a deleterious effect on muscle differentiation. Finally, using both in vitro and in vivo binding assays, we determined that Sd, Vg, and Dmef2 can interact directly. Thus, the muscle-specific phenotypes we have associated with Vg or Sd may be a consequence of alternative binding of Vg and/or Sd to Dmef2 forming alternative protein complexes that modify Dmef2 activity. INTRODUCTIONSpecification and differentiation of both vertebrate and invertebrate muscles requires a conserved cohort of transcription factors (Baylies et al., 1998;Cripps and Olson, 2002). Among these, myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) plays a key role in specification and subsequent differentiation of all muscle types (skeletal, smooth, and heart muscle; Lilly et al., 1995;. There are four different known vertebrate mef2 genes: mef2-a, -b, -c, and -d (Black and Olson, 1998). These four genes produce several different MEF2 isoforms involved in differentiation of all muscle types. In addition, it has been proposed that MEF2 proteins have a requirement for tissue-specific cofactors to confer additional specificity. For example, during mammalian heart development, GATA-4 (Charron and Nemer, 1999) helps to recruit MEF2 to the promoters of cardiac-specific genes including atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) and ␣-cardiac actin (␣-CA; Morin et al., 2000). MEF2 also interacts with another transcription factor, HAND1, during activation of ANF in cardiac cells (Morin et al., 2005). This complex interplay between MEF2 proteins and cofactors is not restricted to cardiac muscles as during skeletal muscle development; MEF2 interacts with MyoD during activation of specific structural genes (Molkentin et al., 1995;.In terms of MEF2 protein family activity, muscle differentiation in Drosophila is relatively less complex as there is only a single homologue mef2, Dmef2 (Lilly et al., 1994). Like vertebrates, Drosophila Dmef2 isoforms activate muscle-specific genes and also seems to interact with a conserved cohort of interacting proteins for muscle specification, including cardiogenesis. These include tinman (Azp...

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“…daughterless (da)-GAL4 (GAL4 daG32 ) (Wodarz et al, 1995), engrailed (en)-GAL4 (Johnson et al, 1995) and scalloped (sd)-GAL4 (Roy et al, 1997) were used as the GAL4 drivers. We used FLP/FRT (Xu and Rubin, 1993) and the MARCM (Lee and Luo, 1999) system to generate somatic mutant clones.…”

Section: Fly Stocks and Geneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TheO-fucosyltransferase O-fut1 is an extracellular component that is essential for the constitutive endocytic trafficking of Notch inDrosophila

et al. 2007

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Notch is a transmembrane receptor that mediates the cell-cell interactions necessary for many cell-fate decisions. Endocytic trafficking of Notch plays important roles in the activation and downregulation of this receptor. A Drosophila O-FucT-1 homolog, encoded by O-fut1, catalyzes the O-fucosylation of Notch, a modification essential for Notch signaling and ligand binding. It was recently proposed that O-fut1 acts as a chaperon for Notch in the endoplasmic reticulum and is required for Notch to exit the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we report that O-fut1 has additional functions in the endocytic transportation of Notch. O-fut1 was indispensable for the constitutive transportation of Notch from the plasma membrane to the early endosome, which we show was independent of the O-fucosyltransferase activity of O-fut1. We also found that O-fut1 promoted the turnover of Notch, which consequently downregulated Notch signaling. O-fut1 formed a stable complex with the extracellular domain of Notch. In addition, O-fut1 protein added to conditioned medium and endocytosed was sufficient to rescue normal Notch transportation to the early endosome in O-fut1 knockdown cells. Thus, an extracellular interaction between Notch and O-fut1 is essential for the normal endocytic transportation of Notch. We propose that O-fut1 is the first example, except for ligands, of a molecule that is required extracellularly for receptor transportation by endocytosis.

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Muscles in the Drosophila second thoracic segment are patterned independently of autonomous homeotic gene function

Abstract: We present a model for muscle development in the second thoracic segment whereby mesodermal properties are specified entirely by induction, in contrast to muscle development in other segments, where autonomous function for homeotic selector genes is also required.

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

A Novel Pzg-NURF Complex Regulates Notch Target Gene Activity

A Novel Pzg-NURF Complex Regulates Notch Target Gene Activity

Alternative Requirements for Vestigial, Scalloped, and Dmef2 during Muscle Differentiation inDrosophila melanogaster

TheO-fucosyltransferase O-fut1 is an extracellular component that is essential for the constitutive endocytic trafficking of Notch inDrosophila

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