Muscle-Strengthening and Conditioning Activities and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Study in Two Cohorts of US Women

Abstract

Anders Grøntved and colleagues examined whether women who perform muscle-strengthening and conditioning activities have an associated reduced risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary

Physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

“…Follow-up time varied from 3 [42] to 23.1 [60] years. Twelve studies were conducted in the USA [12,14,35,38,46,58,[60][61][62][63][64][65], six in Asia [47,57,59,[66][67][68], two in Australia [40,42] and eight across Europe [13,36,37,39,41,[69][70][71]. All cohorts relied on self-reported PA collected using questionnaires or by interview, apart from one study in Hawaiians [58].…”

“…In the context of type 2 diabetes, earlier studies have found that dose-response curves may be different for Asian Ding et al (2015) [42] Burchfiel et al (1995) [58] Magliano et al (2008) [40] Steinbrecher et al (I) (2012) [38] Grøntved et al (2012) [61] Demakakos et al (2010) [71] Haapanen et al (II) (1997) [36] Krishnan et al (2009) [64] Chien et al (2009) [68] Folsom et al (2000) [62] Carlsson et al (2007) [41] Ekelund et al (II) (2012) [39] Nakanishi et al ( 2004) [57] Steinbrecher et al (II) (2012) [38] Meisinger et al (II) (2005) [37] Okada et al (2000) [66] Grøntved et al (II) (2014) [35] Fretts et al (2009) [46] Lynch et al (1996) [13] Meisinger et al (I) (2005) [37] Haapanen et al (I) (1997) [36] Subtotal (I Indians who may require more PA to be protected from their relatively higher susceptibility to develop type 2 diabetes [72,73]. A potential strength of our present analyses is the expression of PA exposure dose in MMET h/week rather than just MET h/week.…”

“…For the assignment of specific intensities to categories of PA exposure, average intensity of MVPA and VPA was defined as 4.5 and 8 METs (or 3.5 and 7 marginal METs [MMETs]), respectively [34]. Studies reporting data independently for men and women [35][36][37][38][39] or for multiple cohorts within a study [35] were treated as separate observations. Studies reporting risk estimates relative to the highest category of PA were re-calculated to set the lowest PA [36,[40][41][42] category as the referent [43].…”

Impacto de un programa educativo en el control de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2

“…La media (± la desviación estándar) del colesterol total (mg/dl) es de 178,5 ± 38,4 mm, del colesterol LDL (mg/dl) es 97,9 ± 32, del colesterol HDL (mg/dl) es 50,5 ± 15,5, de la TAS (mmHg) es 135,4 ± 17,8, de la TAD (mmHg) es 75,3 ± 10,4, del peso (kg) es 80,9 ± 16, de la talla (m) 1,61 ± 0,1, y del IMC (kg/m²) es de 30 (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37).…”

“…Un ritmo de marcha más rápido se asocia independientemente con un riesgo menor. El compromiso tanto en la actividad física aeróbica moderada y vigorosa como en la actividad de fortalecimiento muscular (como tonificación, yoga y resistencia) se asoció con un menor riesgo de DM2 [34][35][36][37].…”