Muscle strength and functional mobility in relation to lean body mass in free-living frail elderly women

Payette, Hélène; Hanusaik, Nancy; Boutier, V; Morais, José A.; Gray‐Donald, Katherine

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600513

Cited by 67 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In a study of frail elderly women, however, correlation coef®cients of FFM with strength measurements of biceps and quadriceps (r 0.42 ± 0.62, P`0.05) were comparable Differences in peripheral muscle strength M Hulens et al to the coef®cients of the lean subjects in our study. 7 The lower correlation with FFM (kg) in our obese patients might again indicate the contribution of other factors impairing strength. It is possible that the metabolic consequences of obesity compromise muscle strength.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…In a recent cross-sectional study of muscle strength and mass in 45 ± 78 y old men and women, muscle mass was suggested to be the major determinant of the age and gender related differences in muscle strength. 31 Similarly, handgrip was signi®cantly related to FFM in frail elderly women 7 and in home care patients. 32 In another study assessing gender differences in handgrip performance, the magnitude of these differences was smaller when corrected for FFM using allometric scaling.…”

Section: Hand Grip Strengthmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…4 ± 6 For example, isometric performance on a handgrip dynamometer was related to fat-free mass in elderly women. 7 Moreover, due to the training effect, which is induced through the weight bearing and supporting of a larger body mass, leg and back muscles might be stronger. On the other hand, however, due to this continued weight bearing, osteoarthritis and pain of the knees 8 and the low back 9 occurs more frequently, and consequently com-promises muscle strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,6 This has also been pointed out in studies using a handgrip dynamometer. 7,14,15 Strength comparisons between groups can be made by using simple ratio standards, that is strength measures divided by fat-free mass. This, however, assumes that there is a direct relationship between FFM and strength measures, which is not the case.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of differences in peripheral muscle strength of lean versus obese women: an allometric approach

et al. 2001

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether peripheral muscle strength is signi®cantly different between lean and obese women controlled for age and physical activity, using an allometric approach. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of isometric handgrip and isokinetic leg and trunk muscle strength. SUBJECTS: 173 obese (age 39.9 AE 11.4 y, body mass index (BMI) 37.8 AE 5.3 kgam 2 ) and 80 lean (age 39.7 AE 12.2 y, BMI 22.0 AE 2.2 kgam 2 ) women. MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometric measures (weight, height) and body composition (bioelectrical impedance method), isometric handgrip (maximal voluntary contraction on the Jamar dynamometer), isokinetic trunk¯exion ± extension, trunk rotation, and knee¯exion ± extension (Cybex dynamometers). RESULTS: Absolute isokinetic strength output (that is, strength uncorrected for fat-free mass) was larger in obese compared to lean women, except for knee¯exion and isometric handgrip, which were not signi®cantly different (P b 0.05). Pearson correlation coef®cients between strength measures and fat-free mass (kg) were low to moderate both in lean (r 0.28 ± 0.53, P`0.05) and in obese (r 0.29 ± 0.49, P`0.001) women. There was no correlation with fat mass (kg) in the lean, whereas in the obese women a weak positive relation could be observed for most isokinetic data (r 0.21 ± 0.39, P`0.01). When correcting for fat-free mass (raised to the optimal exponent determined by allometric scaling), all strength measurements were at least 6% lower in obese when compared to the lean women, except for trunk¯exion, which was at least 8% stronger in obese women. DISCUSSION: The higher absolute knee extension strength measures of leg and the similar extension strength of the trunk in the obese sample compared to the lean might be explained by the training effect of weight bearing and support of a larger body mass. However when the independent effect of fat-free mass is removed, these strength measures, as well as oblique abdominal muscle and handgrip strength, turned out to be lower in obese women. These observations could be the re¯ection of the overall impairment of physical ®tness as a consequence of obesity and its metabolic complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Hand Grip Strengthmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Study of differences in peripheral muscle strength of lean versus obese women: an allometric approach

et al. 2001

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“…[2][3][4][5] These alterations affect health, physical functioning, and quality of life. 6,7 Moreover, decreased bone density may lead to fractures after minimal trauma. 8 The potential reversibility of sarcopenia in particular, and of bone loss and osteoporosis in general, is therefore of great interest.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary supplements and physical exercise affecting bone and body composition in frail elderly persons

Jong

Paw²,

Groot³

et al. 2000

Am J Public Health

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OBJECTIVES: This study determined the effect of enriched foods and all-around physical exercise on bone and body composition in frail elderly persons. METHODS: A 17-week randomized, controlled intervention trial, following a 2 x 2 factorial design--(1) enriched foods, (2) exercise, (3) both, or (4) neither--was performed in 143 frail elderly persons (aged 78.6 +/- 5.6 years). Foods were enriched with multiple micronutrients; exercises focused on skill training, including strength, endurance, coordination, and flexibility. Main outcome parameters were bone and body composition. RESULTS: Exercise preserved lean mass (mean difference between exercisers and non-exercisers: 0.5 kg +/- 1.2 kg; P < .02). Groups receiving enriched food had slightly increased bone mineral density (+0.4%), bone mass (+0.6%), and bone calcium (+0.6%) compared with groups receiving non-enriched foods, in whom small decreases of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.4%, respectively, were found. These groups differed in bone mineral density (0.006 +/- 0.020 g/cm2; P = .08), total bone mass (19 +/- g; P = .04), and bone calcium (8 +/- 21 g; P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: Foods containing a physiologic dose of micronutrients slightly increased bone density, mass, and calcium, whereas moderately intense exercise preserved lean body mass in frail elderly persons.

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Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ooi

Yassin

Hamid

2010

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) is not only a nutritious vegetable but it is also used in traditional medical practices to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Experimental studies with animals and humans suggested that the vegetable has a possible role in glycaemic control. To assess the effects of mormodica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Several electronic databases were searched, among these were The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2012), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SIGLE and LILACS (all up to February 2012), combined with handsearches. No language restriction was used. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared momordica charantia with placebo or a control intervention, with or without pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions. Two authors independently extracted data. Risk of bias of the trials was evaluated using the parameters of randomisation, allocation concealment, blinding, completeness of outcome data, selective reporting and other potential sources of bias. A meta-analysis was not performed given the quality of data and the variability of preparations of momordica charantia used in the interventions (no similar preparation was tested twice). Four randomised controlled trials with up to three months duration and investigating 479 participants met the inclusion criteria. Risk of bias of these trials (only two studies were published as a full peer-reviewed publication) was generally high. Two RCTs compared the effects of preparations from different parts of the momordica charantia plant with placebo on glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. There was no statistically significant difference in the glycaemic control with momordica charantia preparations compared to placebo. When momordica charantia was compared to metformin or glibenclamide, there was also no significant change in reliable parameters of glycaemic control. No serious adverse effects were reported in any trial. No trial investigated death from any cause, morbidity, health-related quality of life or costs. There is insufficient evidence on the effects of momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Further studies are therefore required to address the issues of standardization and the quality control of preparations. For medical nutritional therapy, further observational trials evaluating the effects of momordica charantia are needed before RCTs are established to guide any recommendations in clinical practice.

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Muscle strength and functional mobility in relation to lean body mass in free-living frail elderly women

Cited by 67 publications

References 35 publications

Study of differences in peripheral muscle strength of lean versus obese women: an allometric approach

Study of differences in peripheral muscle strength of lean versus obese women: an allometric approach

Dietary supplements and physical exercise affecting bone and body composition in frail elderly persons

Momordica charantia for type 2 diabetes mellitus

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