Muscle mass, strength, bone mineral density and vascular function in middle-aged people living with HIV vs. age-matched and older controls

Lopes, Karynne Grutter; Farinatti, Paulo; Lopes, Gabriella de Oliveira; Paz, Gabriela Andrade; Bottino, DanielAlexandre; Oliveira, Ricardo B.; Borges, Juliana Pereira

doi:10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101654

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…We found that indicators correspond to the norm in the two groups of people living with human immunodeficiency virus. Similar results were found in other researchers [17]. Despite the preserved physical therapy mechanisms in people living with human immunodeficiency virus, we found a decrease in exercise tolerance, which was achieved using 6 minutes walking test.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessment of the functional state and level of physical fitness of people with immunodeficiency virus with different levels of T-lymphocytes in the practice of a physical therapist

Orfin

Mazepa

2022

HSR

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Purpose: to assess the functional state of patients with human immunodeficiency virus with different levels of T-lymphocytes for use in the practice of physical therapy. Materials and methods. We examined 24 patients with human immunodeficiency virus at the stage of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at the outpatient stage of treatment. The patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 11 patients with CD4+ T-lymphocyte levels <100 cells ml-1, and group 2 included 13 patients with CD4+ T-lymphocyte levels above 150 cells ml-1 (р<0.01). The clinical and anamnestic data, the main anthropometric parameters and physiological indices, the results of carpal dynamometry, the 6-minute walk test, characterizing the functional state of people living with the human immunodeficiency virus, were studied. The results of immunological, virological and biochemical parameters were also studied. Results. Anthropometric indicators: Group 1 – body mass index 48.9±7.4 kg m2-1, waist to hip ratio ratio 0.92±0.17 cm, leg circumference 16.6±0.8 cm; Group 2 – body mass index 23.1±2.8 kg m2 -1, waist to hip ratio ratio 1.14±0.11 cm, leg circumference 15.9±1.4 cm (р>0.05 ). Indicators of physiological indices: Reed - group 1 - 17.3±7.2%, group 2 - 18.3±11.8% (p>0.05); Hobbes - group I 70.9 ± 5.5%, group 2 - 93.6 ± 11.8% (p<0.05), Kerdo - group 1 was 26.6 ± 14.2%, group 2 - 10 .8 ± 14.7% (р<0.05). Index of functional changes group 2 - 2.44±0.2 points, group 2 - 2.59±0.3 points (p>0.05). Dynamometry indicators - group I - 17.5 ± 6.8 kg, group 2 - 28.1 ± 9.4 kg (р>0.05); strength index – group 1 35.3±-9.6%, group 2 40.5±10.4% (р>0.05); 6 min walk test in group 1 - 402.8±40.04 m, group 2 459.7±56.1 m (р<0.05). Indicators of biochemical studies were in reference values ??in patients of both groups. Conclusions. There is a decrease in the functional state and the predominance of catabolic processes in people with human immunodeficiency virus with a significant deficiency of CD4+ T-lymphocytes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Assessment of the functional state and level of physical fitness of people with immunodeficiency virus with different levels of T-lymphocytes in the practice of a physical therapist

Orfin

Mazepa

2022

HSR

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“…Such activity restriction in these patients can contribute to poor bone density and quality. According to a systematic review and meta-analysis, the prevalence of osteoporosis among PLHIVs is threefold greater than that of noninfected individuals 31 , 32 . The risk factors for osteopenia in PLHIV are the use of ART (particularly protease inhibitors), low CD4 count, and the presence of chronic inflammation 33 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiretroviral drug use and the risk of falls in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Lamichhane,

Koutentakis,

Rathi

et al. 2023

Annals of Medicine &Amp; Surgery

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Objective: The risk of falls in people living with HIV (PLHIVs) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) has received little attention in the literature. The aim of the meta-analysis is to quantify the association between fall risk and various categories of drugs used in ART. Material and Methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched from inception to January 2023. Any observational study or controlled trial that reported on the relationship of at least one antiretroviral drug with falls in PLHIVs was included. Data on the frequency of single fallers, multiple fallers (≥2 falls), and non-fallers were extracted and studied for each drug and drug category. The pooled results were reported as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A total of five observational studies (51,675 participants) were included out of 414 articles obtained through a literature review. Stavudine use was found to be associated with an increased risk of single falls in PLHIVs (OR: 1.69, 95% CI: 1.08–2.66, P=0.02). However, Efavirenz (OR: 0.82, 95% CI=0.76-0.89, P<0.001) and Zidovudine (OR: 0.82, 95% CI=0.77-0.92, P<0.001) were found protective against the single falls. Didanosine had no significant association with fall risk (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 0.78–1.93, P=0.37). Likewise, protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors were discovered to have no significant association with fall risk. Conclusion: Most drug categories of ART have no significant association with the risk of falls in PLHIVs. However, certain drugs, such as didanosine and stavudine, which have the inherent effect of causing balance deficits and neuropathy, should be used cautiously.

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Assessments of Perfusion, Blood Flow, and Vascular Structure in Ambulatory Subjects: Guidance for Translational Research Scientists

et al. 2023

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Research involving human subjects in ambulatory settings is a critical link in the chain comprising translational research, spanning preclinical research to human subject and patient cohort studies. There are presently a wide array of techniques and approaches available to investigators wishing to study blood flow, perfusion, and vascular structure and function in human subjects. In this multi-sectioned review, we discuss capillaroscopy, carotid intima-media thickness, flow-mediated dilation, laser Doppler flowmetry, near-infrared spectroscopy, peripheral arterial tonometry, pulse wave velocity, retinal fundus imaging, and vascular plethysmography. Each section contains a general overview and the physical basis of the technique followed by a discussion of the procedures involved and the necessary equipment, with attention paid to specific requirements or limitations. Subsequently, we detail which aspects of vascular function can be studied with a given technique, the analytical approach to the collected data, and the appropriate application and limitation(s) to the interpretation of the data collected. Finally, a modified scoping review provides a summary of how each assessment technique has been applied in previous studies. It is anticipated that this review will provide an efficient source of information and insight for preclinical investigators seeking to add translational aspects to their research programs.

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Muscle mass, strength, bone mineral density and vascular function in middle-aged people living with HIV vs. age-matched and older controls

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Assessment of the functional state and level of physical fitness of people with immunodeficiency virus with different levels of T-lymphocytes in the practice of a physical therapist

Assessment of the functional state and level of physical fitness of people with immunodeficiency virus with different levels of T-lymphocytes in the practice of a physical therapist

Antiretroviral drug use and the risk of falls in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Assessments of Perfusion, Blood Flow, and Vascular Structure in Ambulatory Subjects: Guidance for Translational Research Scientists

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