Muscadine Grape (Vitis rotundifolia) or Wine Phytochemicals Reduce Intestinal Inflammation in Mice with Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis

Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemical extracts from muscadine grapes or wine on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and to investigate cellular mechanisms. Two groups of C57BL/6J mice were gavaged with muscadine grape phytochemicals (MGP) or muscadine wine phytochemicals (MWP), respectively, for 14 days. Acute colitis was induced by 3% DSS in drinking water for 7 days. An additional two groups of mice served as healthy and disease controls. Results indicated that MGP or MWP significantly prevented weight loss, reduced disease activity index, and preserved colonic length compared to the colitis group (p ≤ 0.05). MGP or MWP significantly decreased myeloperoxidase activity as well as the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in colon (p ≤ 0.05). MGP or MWP caused down-regulation of the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation and degradation of IκB in a dose-dependent manner. These findings suggest that phytochemicals from muscadine grape or wine mitigate ulcerative colitis via attenuation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and modulation of the NF-κB pathway.

Static, Kinetic, and Isotherm Adsorption Performances of Macroporous Adsorbent Resins for Recovery and Enrichment of Bioactive Procyanidins from Cranberry Pomace

“…Peaks on the chromatograms were integrated using a flat baseline method (Gu, ). Anthocyanins and other phytochemicals were quantified using reversed‐phase HPLC with the same column and detection parameters described before (Li, Kim, Sandhu, Gao, & Gu, ). For anthocyanin analysis, the mobile phase consisted of (A) 5% formic acid aqueous solution and (B) methanol.…”

The Role of Wine in Modulating Inflammatory Processes: A Review

“…Unfortunately, the effects of wine anthocyanins were not assessed, making a comparison with the other in vitro studies impossible. Table 2 lists the studies performed in animal models aimed to evaluate the effects of wine on inflammation parameters in different pathological conditions or physiological alterations, including myocardial infarction, oxidative stress, IBD, gastritis, and metabolic syndrome [20][21][22][23][24][25][26].…”

Mathematical modeling of the adsorption/desorption characteristics of anthocyanins from muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia cv. Noble) juice pomace on Amberlite FPX66 resin in a fixed bed column

“…Figure 4 displays the minimum EBRT ( 4 , 6 and 8 ) and minimum exhaustion rate ( 4 , 6 and 8 ) for each flow rate tested (4, 6 and 8 mL min −1 ). For example, at the 4 mL min −1 flow rate, 4 is the minimum EBRT (min) and 4 is the minimum exhaustion rate (g L −1 ), which can theoretically be used to design a pilot-scale column that would achieve similar performance at breakthrough. The 4 and 6 mL min −1 flow rates had the best fit, as displayed by the low SSE values ( Table 3).…”

“…These compounds have antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antiviral and antifungal activities . Anthocyanins extracted from muscadine grape pomace are useful as dietary supplements, cosmetics, and natural food colorants …”

“…2,3 Anthocyanins extracted from muscadine grape pomace are useful as dietary supplements, cosmetics, and natural food colorants. 4 Adsorption using macroporous resins has been explored in a variety of industrial applications where bioactive phytochemicals were recovered, including the separation and purification of isoflavones from soy, of resveratrol from peanut sprouts and of anthocyanins from southern highbush blueberries. [5][6][7][8][9] Classical techniques for the purification of these compounds include distillation, solvent-solvent partition, ion exchange, solid phase extraction and ultrafiltration.…”