Murine Typhus from Vietnam, Imported into Japan

Azuma, Momoyo; Nishioka, Yasuhiko; Ogawa, Motohiko; Takasaki, Tomohiko; Sone, Saburo; Uchiyama, Tsuneo

doi:10.3201/eid1209.060071

Cited by 19 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…The exposure of travelers to murine typhus is now a reality caused by the emergence of this disease in tropical and subtropical countries and because of an increase in the collective number of trips that have been made throughout the world in recent years. Contact with rodents is seldom noted in the patients' medical histories 11,13,14 ; in this study, contact with rats was documented in only a few cases ( 10%). However, the animal reservoir and the flea vector species that carry R. typhi can be broad and diverse depending on geographical location.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

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Murine Typhus in Returned Travelers: A Report of Thirty-Two Cases

Walter¹,

Botelho-Nevers²,

Socolovschi³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Murine typhus, caused by Rickettsia typhi and transmitted mainly by the rat fleas, Xenopsylla cheopis, has emerged in the field of travel medicine. We analyzed retrospectively the epidemiological, clinical, and biological characteristics of the 32 murine typhus cases that were diagnosed during the past 3 years at the World Health Organization Collaborative Center for Rickettsial diseases, Marseille, France. All of the cases occurred in travelers and most of them had returned from Africa (N = 13 of 32) and South-east Asia (N = 12 of 32). Exposure to rats was reported only in a few (N = 2 of 32) patients. Almost half of the cases were diagnosed in August and September. Only four patients presented the classic triad: fever, rash, and headache. Moreover, we report the first known cases of a hemophagocytic syndrome associated with this disease. Murine typhus must be considered as an etiologic agent of febrile illness in returning travelers, particularly in those with unspecific symptoms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Previously, murine typhus has been reported in travelers returning from Vietnam and India. 17,18 Seroprevalence surveys conducted in this region have shown the presence of murine typhus in Nepal, Thailand, Cambodia, Myanmar, and Laos. In contrast to Southeast Asia, very few data are available for cases of murine typhus in sub-Saharan Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Murine Typhus in Returned Travelers: A Report of Thirty-Two Cases

Walter¹,

Botelho-Nevers²,

Socolovschi³

et al. 2012

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…12 Imported murine typhus has been reported in travelers returning from Bali and Lombok regions in Indonesia [55][56][57] and also from southern Vietnam (Cu Chi) where murine typhus has not been reported since the 1960s, but probably occurs sporadically among the local population. 58 A severe case of imported murine typhus from northern Thailand causing septic shock and acute respiratory failure has also been described. 59 Murine typhus complicated by dengue hemorrhagic fever has also been reported in a returned traveler from Brunei.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rickettsial Infections in Southeast Asia: Implications for Local Populace and Febrile Returned Travelers

Aung¹,

Spelman²,

Murray³

et al. 2014

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

102

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Abstract. Rickettsial infections represent a major cause of non-malarial febrile illnesses among the residents of Southeast Asia and returned travelers from that region. There are several challenges in recognition, diagnosis, and management of rickettsioses endemic to Southeast Asia. This review focuses on the prevalent rickettsial infections, namely, murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi), scrub typhus (Orientia tsutsugamushi), and members of spotted fever group rickettsiae. Information on epidemiology and regional variance in the prevalence of rickettsial infections is analyzed. Clinical characteristics of main groups of rickettsioses, unusual presentations, and common pitfalls in diagnosis are further discussed. In particular, relevant epidemiologic and clinical aspects on emerging spotted fever group rickettsiae in the region, such as Rickettsia honei, R. felis, R. japonica, and R. helvetica, are presented. Furthermore, challenges in laboratory diagnosis and management aspects of rickettsial infections unique to Southeast Asia are discussed, and data on emerging resistance to antimicrobial drugs and treatment/prevention options are also reviewed.

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“…In severe cases mainly associated with epidemic typhus, evolution to a multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome and coagulation disorders may appear. Some references related to travellers are: Zanetti et al, 1998;Niang et al, 1999;Kelly et al, 2002;Jensenius et al, 2004;Azuma et al, 2006;Angelakis et al, 2010;Walter et al, 2011. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%