Mumps Complications and Effects of Mumps Vaccination, England and Wales, 2002–2006

Abstract

We analyzed data from hospital admissions and enhanced mumps surveillance to assess mumps complications during the largest mumps outbreak in England and Wales, 2004–2005, and their association with mumps vaccination. When compared with nonoutbreak periods, the outbreak was associated with a clear increase in hospitalized patients with orchitis, meningitis, and pancreatitis. Routine mumps surveillance and hospital data showed that 6.1% of estimated mumps patients were hospitalized, 4.4% had orchitis, 0.35% meningitis, and 0.33% pancreatitis. Enhanced surveillance data showed 2.9% of mumps patients were hospitalized, 6.1% had orchitis, 0.3% had meningitis, and 0.25% had pancreatitis. Risk was reduced for hospitalization (odds ratio [OR] 0.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–0.68), mumps orchitis (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56–0.93) and mumps meningitis (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.14–0.56) when patient had received 1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. The protective effect of vaccination on disease severity is critical in assessing the total effects of current and future mumps control strategies.

A study on profile of patients with parotid swellings attending infectious disease hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana

“…13 The same findings were also found in a study conducted by Martina et al 14 The average duration of parotid gland swelling was 8 days in present study and this finding was comparable to a study conducted by Indranil et al where mean duration of swelling was 6.91±1.95 days. 8 The study findings with respect to complications like orchitis and meningitis are comparable to a study conducted by Zamir et al and Yung et al 13,15 …”

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“…A UK study showed reduced risk for hospitalization, orchitis and meningitis for one MMR vaccine dose (OR 0.54, 0.72 and 0.28, respectively) and 2 doses (OR 0.45, 0.64 and 0.17, respectively). 14 In a study of a recent large mumps epidemic in the Netherlands, receipt of 2 vaccine doses reduced risks for orchitis (most frequent complication), overall complications and hospitalization (VE of 74%, 76% and 82%, respectively). 20 In a smaller outbreak in Germany, VE was calculated as 91.9% for 2 vaccine doses in children (mean age: 9 y) and 50.0% for one dose in adults (mean age: 26 y).…”

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“…Several industrialized countries with long-standing 2-dose vaccination programs have recently reported larger-scale outbreaks, among them the United States (US), [13][14][15] the Netherlands, 16,17 the United Kingdom, 4 the Czech Republic, 18 Israel, 19,20 and Canada. 21 These outbreaks had in common that they predominantly affected adolescents and young adults, and that a high proportion of cases were 2-times vaccinated.…”

“…Before the introduction of mumps vaccines, infections predominantly affected the age group of 5-to 9-y-olds. [1][2][3][4] In the previous decades, many industrialized countries have implemented a 2-dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) immunization schedule. [5][6][7] In Germany, 1-dose mumps vaccination was introduced in West Germany as part of the childhood immunization schedule in 1976, whereas East Germany did not routinely vaccinate against mumps.…”