Characteristics of a large mumps outbreak: Clinical severity, complications and association with vaccination status of mumps outbreak cases

Abstract

In recent years, large mumps outbreaks, involving mainly adolescents and young adults, have re-emerged in several countries. We investigated a large mumps outbreak, evaluated the association between mumps clinical severity (complications, hospitalization) and vaccination status (number of previous measles, mumps and rubella -MMR vaccine doses), and assessed vaccine effectiveness. The first mumps cases emerged in an ultra-orthodox boys' school in Jerusalem and were epidemiologically linked to the mumps outbreak in New York. Overall, 3130 mumps cases were notified in the Jerusalem district during September 2009-August 2011 (median age 13y, 64% males). Most cases were reported from community clinics. Patients with systemic symptoms and/or complications (419, 13.4%) were either hospitalized (n D 79) or treated in an emergency medical center (n D 340). The main complications included orchitis (3.8% males> age 12y) and meningoencephalitis (0.5%). The mumps virus genotype was G5. The distribution of previous MMR vaccine doses (n D 0,1,2) was: 24.8%, 28.3% and 46.9%, respectively. The number of previous vaccine doses was inversely associated with clinical severity. Adjusted values for MMR vaccine effectiveness against complications were estimated as 52.1% (95% CI ¡4 ¡78%) for one vaccine dose and 62.7% (95% CI 25.7-81.3%) for 2 doses. The outbreak was characterized by predominance of male students; the majority of whom had been previously vaccinated. The reported complication rate was relatively low. Vaccination status was associated with age and disease severity. The combination of limited mumps vaccine effectiveness and the specific school setting (dense learning and living conditions) probably contributed to the disease spread.

A study on profile of patients with parotid swellings attending infectious disease hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana

“…12 The clinical findings of fever with parotid gland swelling was similar to a study conducted by Zamir et al where parotid gland swelling was found in 94.4% of cases and fever was found in 55% of cases. 13 The same findings were also found in a study conducted by Martina et al 14 The average duration of parotid gland swelling was 8 days in present study and this finding was comparable to a study conducted by Indranil et al where mean duration of swelling was 6.91±1.95 days. 8 The study findings with respect to complications like orchitis and meningitis are comparable to a study conducted by Zamir et al and Yung et al 13,15 …”

Immunogenicity of mumps virus vaccine candidates matching circulating genotypes in the United States and China

“…However, mumps outbreaks have occurred in the United States in the last decade, including the large outbreak centered around a university in Iowa, which had over 5,000 cases in 2006 [36–39]. Mumps outbreaks have also been reported in vaccinated populations in Europe and Asia [20–23,40,41]. None of these outbreaks were associated with a genotype A MuV, which was the Jeryl Lynn vaccine genotype.…”

Importante éclosion communautaire d’oreillons au Manitoba (Canada) entre septembre 2016 et décembre 2018

“…Le nombre de complications signalées en lien avec cette éclosion d'oreillons était faible, ce qui pourrait traduire des lacunes dans la surveillance de la santé publique, car l'étude des cas pourrait avoir été effectuée avant que les complications se manifestent. Il est possible que la vaccination précédente contre les oreillons ait conféré une certaine protection contre les maladies graves (21,22). Étant donné que les complications étaient rarement signalées, il n'a pas été possible d'analyser l'efficacité du vaccin contre les complications graves liées aux oreillons.…”