Multiway analysis applied to time‐resolved chemiluminescence for simultaneous determination of paracetamol and codeine in pharmaceuticals

Abstract

This method is based on the enhancing effect of codeine (COD) and paracetamol (PAR) on the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction of Ru(phen)3 (2+) with Ce(IV). In the batch mode, COD gives a relatively sharp peak with the highest CL intensity at 4.0 s, whereas the maximum CL intensity of the PAR appears at ~60 s after injection of Ce(IV) solution. Whole CL time profiles allowed use of the time-resolved CL data in combination with multiway calibration techniques, as multiway partial least squares (N-PLS), for the quantitative determination of both COD and PAR in binary mixtures. In this work, we found that the impact of Ce(IV) concentration on the CL intensity was different for COD and PAR. Therefore, a Ce(IV) concentration mode was added to the time and sample modes to obtain 3D data. The percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) values for 10 determinations of 1.0 × 10(-5) mol/L of COD and 1.0 × 10(-4) mol/L of PAR were 6.1% and 8.7%, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) values (S/N = 3) were 0.9 × 10(-8) mol/L and 1.0 × 10(-6) mol/L for COD and PAR, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of PAR and COD in commercial pharmaceutical formulations. Acceptable recoveries (90-110%) were obtained for the quantification of these drugs in the real samples. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Magnetic Dual-template Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles for the Simultaneous Determination of Acetaminophen and Codeine in Urine Samples by Ion Mobility Spectrometry

“…8 High doses of codeine is also causing coma and depression. 9 There are various methods for the simultaneous identification of acetaminophen and codeine, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 2,10 spectrophotometry, 11,12 chemiluminescence, 13 and electrochemical methods. [14][15][16] With the purpose of analytes detection, more efficiently, the pretreatment of sample matrices with various methods, such as solid/liquid phase extraction, is beneficial to increase the analysis accuracy.…”

Flow injection chemiluminescence determination of ethion and computational investigation of the adsorption process on molecularly imprinted polymerized high internal phase emulsion

“…Because of the correlation between Ce(IV) concentration and sulfuric acid concentration, [ 27,28,75 ] response surface methodology (RSM) and central composite design (CCD) were used to find optimized concentrations of these two variables. The CCD consisted of two factors, and five levels (α = 1.44) were designed.…”

“…For cost reduction, the optimal concentration of the Ru(bipy) 3 2+ complex was considered and was 1.0 ⨯ 10 −3 mol L −1, according to our previous experiences. [ 28,76–78 ]…”

“…However, other available species can interfere with its determination. [ 21 ] Several methods have been proposed to solve this problem and increase the specificity of CL methods, including masking agents, [ 22 ] chromatographic methods, [ 23–25 ] wavelength discrimination, [ 26 ] chemometrics methods, [ 27–30 ] and the use of adsorbents. [ 31–33 ]…”

Chemiluminescence System of Permanganate-Sulfite for Simple Determination of Zolpidem

“…The CL spectrum (shown in Figure 9) is similar to emission spectrum of SO2* molecule. Based on above discussions, following mechanism is proposing for this CL reaction [40,41]. Zolpidem undergoes oxidation by N-demethylation, N-oxidation, decarboxylation, and oxidation of methyl groups and hydroxylation of a position on the imidazolepyridine ring [42].…”