Multistation Validation of Waveform Correlation Techniques as Applied to Broad Regional Monitoring

Slinkard, Megan Elizabeth.; Schaff, D. P.; Mikhailova, N.; Heck, Stephen; Young, Christopher J.; Richards, Paul G.

doi:10.1785/0120140140

Cited by 25 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…To establish event detection thresholds, we use a fixed, predicted false-alarm probability of 10 −7 false alarms per window (short-term plus long-term window duration = 3.28 s) that equates to ~1 predicted false alarm per year (Slinkard and others, 2014, p. 2774). We note that increasing the predicted false-alarm probability will increase the number of detected events.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of environmental microseismicity on detection and interpretation of small-magnitude events in a polar glacier setting

et al. 2020

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Abstract Glacial environments exhibit temporally variable microseismicity. To investigate how microseismicity influences event detection, we implement two noise-adaptive digital power detectors to process seismic data from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica. We add scaled icequake waveforms to the original data stream, run detectors on the hybrid data stream to estimate reliable detection magnitudes and compare analytical magnitudes predicted from an ice crack source model. We find that detection capability is influenced by environmental microseismicity for seismic events with source size comparable to thermal penetration depths. When event counts and minimum detectable event sizes change in the same direction (i.e. increase in event counts and minimum detectable event size), we interpret measured seismicity changes as ‘true’ seismicity changes rather than as changes in detection. Generally, one detector (two degree of freedom (2dof)) outperforms the other: it identifies more events, a more prominent summertime diurnal signal and maintains a higher detection capability. We conclude that real physical processes are responsible for the summertime diurnal inter-detector difference. One detector (3dof) identifies this process as environmental microseismicity; the other detector (2dof) identifies it as elevated waveform activity. Our analysis provides an example for minimizing detection biases and estimating source sizes when interpreting temporal seismicity patterns to better infer glacial seismogenic processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of environmental microseismicity on detection and interpretation of small-magnitude events in a polar glacier setting

et al. 2020

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“…A high similarity threshold would have therefore caused a higher incompleteness in our detection catalog. Alternatively, a multistation detection approach could have reduced the false detection rate (Slinkard et al, ; Gibbons & Ringdal, ) yet with the cost of considerably lowering the overall detection sensitivity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Consistent High‐Resolution Catalog of Induced Seismicity in Basel Based on Matched Filter Detection and Tailored Post‐Processing

et al. 2019

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Seismic monitoring of the Basel Enhanced Geothermal System has been running for more than a decade. Yet the details of the long‐term behavior of its induced seismicity remained unexplored because a seismic event catalog with consistent detection sensitivity and magnitudes did not exist. This knowledge is essential for developing guidelines and mitigation procedures on how to safely operate and terminate injection activities. Only few observational data exist that cover all phases of such projects in a consistent manner. Here we describe a method that overcomes these deficiencies based on sensitive matched filter detection and a machine learning approach to remove false detections. With an emphasis on consistency, we create a catalog that contains more than 280,000 events down to Mw−1.5. The much higher temporal resolution allows us to analyze induced microearthquakes in great detail and to gain new insights. We resolved temporal variations of seismicity parameters and, in the post‐operational phase, a preferential temporal clustering of events. We find a breakdown in the Gutenberg‐Richter scaling during reservoir stimulation, which may have physical reasons or could be caused by a method‐independent detection limit during high event rates. The scaling breakdown has implications for the design of Adaptive Traffic Light Systems and may limit the potential of real‐time mitigation strategies in future Enhanced Geothermal System projects. Nevertheless, our catalog gives the opportunity to study the temporal evolution of the sequence in unprecedented detail, which will help to better understand the physical processes in a geothermal reservoir, potentially not only in the Basel case.

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“…Using the beta distribution, the detection statistic required to produce a probability of false detection of 10⁻⁶ was determined. As noted by other authors (Slinkard et al 2014), the tails of the distribution are generally a poor fit but requiring detections to occur on multiple stations can effectively cull false positives by constraining the source location.…”

Section: Threshold Determination and Subspace Detectionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Application of subspace detection on a surface seismic network monitoring a deep silver mine

Chambers¹,

Boltz²,

Richardson³

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the International Conference on Deep and High Stress Mining

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Seismic monitoring is an important tool for understanding and mitigating seismic risk in many mining operations, especially those with deep, burst-prone conditions. However, establishing and operating a seismic network that produces quality seismic data can be very expensive due to equipment and labour costs associated with installation and maintenance of seismic stations. Researchers with the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health are exploring data processing techniques that can improve the quality of a seismic event catalogue that do not require installing additional instrumentation. This paper presents the application of subspace methods to increase event detection capabilities of a surface seismic network monitoring a deep underground metal mine in the northwest of the United States of America. Events recorded on the network from late April to early July 2016 are used to identify similar, lower-magnitude events that occurred in a 15-day study period in June of the same year. False detection rates were evaluated by comparing results with a catalogue generated by an in-mine seismic monitoring system, and by visually examining filtered continuous waveform data at the nearest stations to the underground workings. The number of successful event detections more than doubled, with no false detections. However, detected events included production blasts that required screening based on proximity to blasting time. Acceptable estimates of magnitudes and locations for newly detected events were obtained. The application of similar methodologies to other networks may substantially augment event catalogues and provide additional data that can be used in seismic risk analysis to improve mine safety. When continuous waveform data are stored, such processing may be undertaken long after data collection is complete-a particularly valuable capability for investigating emerging stability issues.

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Multistation Validation of Waveform Correlation Techniques as Applied to Broad Regional Monitoring

Cited by 25 publications

References 18 publications

The influence of environmental microseismicity on detection and interpretation of small-magnitude events in a polar glacier setting

The influence of environmental microseismicity on detection and interpretation of small-magnitude events in a polar glacier setting

A Consistent High‐Resolution Catalog of Induced Seismicity in Basel Based on Matched Filter Detection and Tailored Post‐Processing

Application of subspace detection on a surface seismic network monitoring a deep silver mine

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