Multistage Separation Processes

Dividing wall columns in chemical process industry: A review on current activities

“…By adding this solvent the relative volatility of one of the components, for instance of the heavy boiling component B, decreases. In this case, A can be withdrawn at the top of the first column, whereas S and B can be separated in a second column [59,61,65,66].…”

“…pressure swing distillation or azeotropic distillation [58]. The latter process uses an additional component (entrainer E) that forms an azeotrope with the components to be separated [59,60]. Preferable are entrainers forming heterogeneous azeotropes, since they can be easily separated in a decanter [61].…”

Equilibrium study on the reactive extraction of heterocyclic monocarboxylic acids from the aqueous solution using Alamine 300/diluent composite solvent: Optimization and modeling of the solvent effect

“…TH2FA acts as a specific proline dehydrogenase inhibitor. A forward looking approach in biotechnology is placed on the development of the substance‐converting industry with particular focus on the product line efficiency and sustainability and the commercial recovery of carboxylic acids from the fermentation broth by reactive extraction, azeotropic distillation, extractive distillation, membrane separation, adsorption, reverse osmosis, and ion exchange techniques 1–4 . It is of primary importance to use the reactive extraction for recovery of carboxylic acids from fermentation broth by different complexation agents such as (i) anion exchange extractants, (ii) cation‐exchange extractants, (iii) neutral extractants, and (iv) chelate forming carriers 5–17 .…”

Estudo das eficiências de operação e consumo de energia em plantas de produção de biodiesel.

“…No destilador o balanço de energia é calculado no condensador e no refervedor. O balanço do condensador é dado pela equação 71, para as entalpias das correntes foram utilizados os valores do gráfico (entalpias X fração molar) de metanol na mistura metanol água (Khoury, 2004 Para o cálculo do consumo de vapor de aquecimento foi assumido que para operações acima de 100ºC seria utilizado vapor de 10kgf/cm 2 (980,7 kPa) e para operações abaixo de 100ºC, vapor de 4kgf/cm 2 (392,3 kPa). Os valores das entalpias foram retirados da literatura (Smith, 2007) Essa fórmula tem uma representação em porcentagem mássica de 77,5%C, 11,5%H e 11%O, na literatura foram encontrados os valores de 78%C, 11,7%H e 10,3%O (Scholl).…”