MultiSimplex optimisation of the solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and phthalates from water samples

Cortazar, E.; Zuloaga, Olatz; Sanz, Jon; Raposo, J.C.; Etxebarria, Néstor; Fernández, Laura García

doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(02)01409-7

Cited by 94 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Several analytical methods have been developed for determining PAEs by gas chromatography (GC) [7,8], high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [9,10] using different preconcentration techniques such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) [11], solid-phase microextraction (SPME) [12,13] and solid-phase extraction (SPE) [14][15][16][17] in several types of matrices. Among above-mentioned sample pretreatment procedures, solid-phase extraction based on different types of sorbents such as C 8 [15], organic polymers [16] was widely used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of phthalates via HPLC-UV in environmental water samples after concentration by solid-phase extraction using ionic liquid mixed hemimicelles

Cai

Shi

et al. 2008

Talanta

151

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Ionic liquid mixed hemimicelles-based solid-phase extraction for the preconcentration of five phthalates in environmental water sample was investigated in this paper. A comparative study on the use of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C 6 mim]Br) and 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([C 12 mim]Br)-coated silica as sorbents was presented. Owing to having bigger adsorption amounts for analytes [C 12 mim], Br-coated silica was selected as SPE material and the five analytes di-ethyl-phthalate (DEP), di-n-propyl-phthalate (DnPP), di-n-butyl-phthalate (DnBP), di-cyclohexyl-phthalate (DcHP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate (DEHP) can be quantitatively extracted under optimal conditions. The analytes retained on the cartridge were desorbed completely with 3 mL methanol (pH 2). Predominant factors influencing the extraction efficiency, such as RTILs concentration, pH value, ionic strength and breakthrough volume were discussed. The proposed method had been applied to determining the five phthalates in four environmental water samples and concentration factor of 600 was achieved easily. Detection limits obtained ranged between 0.12 and 0.17 g/L. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by recovery measurement on spiked samples, and good recovery results (85-107%) with relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) of below 6% were achieved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of phthalates via HPLC-UV in environmental water samples after concentration by solid-phase extraction using ionic liquid mixed hemimicelles

Cai

Shi

et al. 2008

Talanta

151

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“…Razaei et al (Rezaei et al 2008) tried DLLME with 500 μL acetone as dispersive solvent and 10.0 μL of chlorobenzene as extraction solvent for 5 ml of PCBs spiked water sample. LoD values of this procedure was improved compared to previously described SPME (Cortazar et al 2002), SDME (Lambropoulou et al 2007) and MASE (McFarland et al1989) Sample preparation for PAHs analysis Two ISO sample preparation procedures (ISO 17993:2002 andISO 28540:2011) based on LLE with hexane are commonly used for PAHs analysis by GC and HPLC techniques. In both cases, one liter of water sample is dechlorinated with of sodium thiosulfate, and pH of water is adjusted to value 2 with sodium thiosulfate for HPLC analysis.…”

Section: Sample Preparation Procedures For Organochlorinated Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In general, LoDs of the determined compounds were higher than the recommended values by ISO procedure, but the improved recoveries (83-103 %) were obtained with DLLME-SFO procedure. As to PCBS the PDMS fibre (30 μm film coating) was used for concentration of the congeners from water sample in presence of PAHs and phthalate esters (Cortazar et al 2002). In this case, a larger amount of water sample was required for extraction, but much worse LoD values were received compared to the other similar investigations.…”

Section: Sample Preparation Procedures For Organochlorinated Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample preparation procedures for analysis of organochlorinated pollutants and PAHs in surface water samples

Vyviurska

S̆pánik

2014

Acta Chimica Slovaca

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This review focuses on sample preparation procedures used for chromatographic analysis of the most common organochlorinated pollutants and PAHs in water samples. The studied pollutants have a long persistence in environment, possible carcinogenic effects, and their application has been banned in many countries. The standard ISO procedures with the modern sample preparation procedures were compared in the term of recovery effectiveness for target analytes.

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“…Ftalati su se u dosadašnjim znanstvenim istraživanjima zbog migracije određivali u vodi (45)(46)(47), ambalažnom materijalu (8), PVC igračkama (48), bezalkoholnim pićima i mineralnoj vodi (49) te u ljudskom mlijeku (50), urinu (51) i serumu (52).…”

Section: Migracija Ftalata I Zakonska Regulativaunclassified

Exposure to Phtalates and Their Presence in Alcoholic Beverages

Jurica

Uršulin-Trstenjak

Lušić

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Ftalati su esteri ftalne kiseline i alifatskih alkohola koji se dodaju u plastične mase da bi se poboljšala njihova mekoća, savitljivost i rastezljivost. Zbog svojih fi zičko-kemijskih svojstava ftalati su vrlo mobilni i lako migriraju iz plastičnih proizvoda u prostor koji ih okružuje, pa tako dospijevaju u okoliš te su stoga opasni za čovjeka. U radu su ukratko opisana svojstva i raspodjela ftalata u okolišu, toksični učinci na ljudsko zdravlje te zakonska regulativa vezana uz maksimalno dopuštene koncentracije ftalata u vodi za piće i u proizvodima namijenjenima dojenčadi, kao i dopušteni dnevni unos u ljudski organizam. Posebna pažnja posvećena je metodama određivanja ftalata u alkoholnim pićima te razinama ftalata s osvrtom na njihovu pojavnost i koncentracije u šljivovici koja se proizvodi u Hrvatskoj. Obuhvaćena je i tematika vezana za ftalate u denaturiranom alkoholu i neregistriranom alkoholu koji se ilegalno stavlja na tržište. U zaključku su navedene smjernice za učinkoviti nadzor nad putovima izloženosti ljudi ftalatima. 2013;64:317-325 Ftalati su spojevi sintetičkog podrijetla, a najčešće se koriste kao dodaci različitim plastičnim masama radi poboljšanja njihovih mehaničkih svojstava, posebice mekoće, savitljivosti i rastezljivosti. Kao aditivi za plastificiranje prisutni su u brojnim proizvodima opće uporabe, poput dječjih igračaka i kozmetike, autokozmetike, u različitim otapalima i insekticidima, ambalaži za hranu, medicinskim uređajima i priboru za transfuziju, dekorativnim proizvodima, podnim oblogama, proizvodima za uređenje kućanstva te u tehnološkim procesima prehrambene i sličnih industrija (1-4). U zemljama istočne Europe utvrđena je prisutnost dietil-ftalata (DEP) u neregistriranim (ilegalnim) alkoholnim pićima, koja uopće ne bi smjela biti dostupna za konzumaciju, već zabranjena zbog opasnosti za zdravlje ljudi. Međutim, takva pića mogu se pronaći na tržištu, a u njima se nalazi DEP korišten u svrhu denaturacije etanola (5). KLJUČNE RIJEČI: di-(2-etilheksil)-ftalat, maksimalno dopuštene koncentracije, plastifi katori, toksičnost ftalataJurica K. et al. PHTALATES IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES Arh Hig Rada ToksikolZbog činjenice da nisu vezani kemijskom vezom za plastični materijal, ftalati se lako ispiru, brzo isparavaju u zrak i lako migriraju u hranu, pića i vodu za piće, i to najčešće iz ambalažnog materijala, no mogući su i drugi izvori kontaminacije proizvoda ftalatima, kao npr. dijelovima tehnološkog procesa proizvodnje (6-10). Esteri ftalne kiseline su kao industrijske kemikalije postali sveprisutni (ubikvitarni) zagađivači okoliša zbog svoje raširene uporabe (4).Prema podacima EPA-e, u SAD se svake godine proizvede ili uveze više od 213 000 tona ftalata (11). Prema podacima European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) i Comittee for Socio-economic Analysis

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MultiSimplex optimisation of the solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and phthalates from water samples

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Analysis of phthalates via HPLC-UV in environmental water samples after concentration by solid-phase extraction using ionic liquid mixed hemimicelles

Analysis of phthalates via HPLC-UV in environmental water samples after concentration by solid-phase extraction using ionic liquid mixed hemimicelles

Sample preparation procedures for analysis of organochlorinated pollutants and PAHs in surface water samples

Exposure to Phtalates and Their Presence in Alcoholic Beverages

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