Multiservice laparoscopic surgical training using the daVinci surgical system

Robotics in plastic surgery, a review

“…Several authors have addressed this issue and found that in contrast to open surgery, robotic skills can improve significantly in a relatively short time [56,57]. In robotic-assisted microvascular surgery, it was shown that both fully trained surgeons and residents demonstrate comparable abilities in mastering the procedure, with similar anastomosis times and errors of management (breaking suture, breaking knots, and breaking or damaging needles).…”

Development and evaluation of a training module for the clinical introduction of the da Vinci robotic system in visceral and vascular surgery

“…Although some of these studies showed significantly longer operating times for da Vinci operations [5,7,12], the majority suggested that experienced laparoscopic surgeons rapidly gain proficiency with this new technology [1,2]. More recent studies have defined and used different learning curve parameters including system setup time [10,21], operating time [4], operative errors [18], complications [21], rate of conversion to standard laparoscopic or open procedure [10], and surgical results (e.g., patency of an anastomosis) [4].…”

“…To date, such clinically oriented training programs associated with the use of an advanced surgical robotic system are uncommon in the surgical literature. Most of the proposed training modules for the enhancement of surgical dexterity measure the performance of surgeons in inanimate or synthetic laboratory models and lack direct applicability to the clinical setting [21,24,27,37].…”

“…Moreover, there is an increasing institutional tendency to use the surgical robotic system in the clinical arena as early as possible. A remarkable rise in surgical robotic system use has occurred, from only 1,500 procedures in 2000 to an estimated 20,000 by the end of 2004 [20,21]. This rapid trend toward robotically assisted minimally invasive surgery needs appropriate training and assessment for mastery of the new technology [13].…”

Evolving Role of Simulators and Training in Robotic Urological Surgery

“…In an American study using preclinical surgical robotic programme with animal model, the learning curve was found to be shortened whilst reducing the set-up and operative time [4]. It allows refinement of surgical technique prior to use in humans.…”