“…), DSNI is a type of quantitative method for characterizing the nanoscale mechanical properties of substrate materials (Nili et al, 2013). So far, DSNI has already been applied for studying the mechanical properties of lots of materials, including composites, polymers, metals, and crystals (Sankaran et al, 2018;Yuemin Wang et al, 2020;Han et al, 2021;Isik et al, 2022). In recent years, this technology has received increased attention in coal research (Vranjes et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2018;Sun et al, 2020a;Sun et al, 2020b;Kossovich et al, 2020).…”