Multirate Universal Radar Target Simulator for an Accurate Moving Target Simulation

Korner, Georg; Hoffmann, Marcel; Neidhardt, Steffen; Beer, Matthias; Carlowitz, Christian; Vossiek, Martin

doi:10.1109/tmtt.2021.3060817

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Subsequently, the target generation modifications are applied to the signal before it is up converted back to its original carrier frequency f c and re-transmitted by the FEs towards the RuT. The signal modifications, namely time delay, Doppler shift and attenuation, that enable the virtual radar target generation can be implemented in either the analog [20]- [22] or digital domain [6], [9], [23]. Since the concept presented here is not limited in terms of the RTS's target generation methodology, the subsequent analytical elaborations are kept generic.…”

Section: Radar Target Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Arbitrary Angle of Arrival in Radar Target Simulation

Diewald¹,

Nuß²,

Johannes³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Automotive radar sensors play a key role in the current development of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). Their ability to detect objects even under adverse weather conditions makes them indispensable for environmentsensing tasks in autonomous vehicles. Since an operational failure presents a potential risk to human life, thorough and practical validation testing must be performed, requiring an integrative test solution. Radar target simulators (RTS) are capable of performing over-the-air validation tests by generating virtual radar echoes that are perceived as targets by the radar under test (RuT). Since the authenticity and credibility of these targets is based on the accuracy with which they are created, their simulated position must be arbitrarily adjustable. In this work, an existing approach to synthesize virtual radar targets at an arbitrary angle of arrival (AoA) is extended to cover both, the azimuth and elevation domain. The concept is based on the superposition of the returning signals from four neighboring RTS channels. A theoretical model describing the basic principle and its constraints is developed. In addition, a measurement campaign is conducted to verify the practical functionality of the proposed approach.

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Section: Radar Target Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Arbitrary Angle of Arrival in Radar Target Simulation

Diewald¹,

Nuß²,

Johannes³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…However, each target can convey more information than just its reflectance. Distance and motion are represented by a time-dependent delay τ T of the signal, which can be introduced by shifting stored samples in the digital domain [6] or by using a delay line [7] in combination with a mixing process to introduce a Doppler shift [8]. A generalized implementation of an RTS with an additional frequency conversion is depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With recent advances in integrated radar sensors [15] and techniques, such as coherent automotive radar networks [16], the requirements for the minimal vertical and horizontal angular resolution θ e and θ a between different point targets have increased. This is especially problematic for digital RTSs, as they are the most expensive due to the requirement for special analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and digital-to-analog converters (DACs) with high sample rates and low latency [6]. Another shared problem is the relatively small achievable dynamic range compared to the huge dynamic range required for the depiction of a variety of regular targets [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple and Versatile Concept to Improve Dynamic Range and Enable Target Angle Adaptability in Radar Target Simulators

Birkenhauer,

Körner,

Stief

et al. 2023

IEEE J. Microw.

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Radar target simulators are not only a critical tool for verifying and testing radar systems but also play an important role in supporting the development of self-driving cars. Advances in radar sensors and techniques raise the required specifications for these units, increasing their complexity and cost. This article presents a novel and universal concept for radar target simulators that addresses these issues by responding only to the transmitted signal of a radar sensor during a fraction of the time, therefore modulating the average of the signal. This offers advantages for three independent use cases, which may be combined. First, the dynamic range and resolution of simulated target echo power can be improved even for existing systems. Second, the simulation of multiangle scenarios with a single backend is possible with this approach. Finally, hardware complexity and power consumption can be reduced. The proposed concept is examined extensively for frequency-modulated continuous wave radar, and design decisions are made. The theoretical considerations are validated with measurements with a real radar target simulator showing an improvement of up to 30 dB in the dynamic range with no observable negative side effects.INDEX TERMS Automotive radar, radar target simulator, TDM, radar signal processing, radar systems.

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“…In the Acousto-Optic delay line, an RF-input signal is converted to an acoustic wave using a transducer, and it is sent through an Acousto-Optic interaction medium. 3 Multirate sampling techniques are also used for real-time target simulation, and are implemented in Körner et al 8 This paper presents a novel technique for capturing and processing high-bandwidth radar waveforms employing digital parallelization techniques, and associated signal processing for target simulation. This RTS simulates up to six targets at a time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Acousto‐Optic delay line, an RF‐input signal is converted to an acoustic wave using a transducer, and it is sent through an Acousto‐Optic interaction medium 3 . Multirate sampling techniques are also used for real‐time target simulation, and are implemented in Körner et al 8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High‐speed, high‐resolution methodology for portable universal radar target‐echo simulator

Daggula

Bevara

Kamal³

et al. 2022

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

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In this paper, digital parallelization and fractional delay-based novel methods are proposed for the realization of high bandwidth, high-resolution Ku-band radar target simulator with 2.5 GHz intermediate frequency. High bandwidth waveform from radar is sampled by high-speed Analog to Digital Converter, and samples are parallelized in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to work at the nominal clock frequency. In Digital RF Memory-based target simulator, for finer range resolution, the FPGA clock frequency needs to be increased, which leads to increased system design complexity. The finer range resolution is accomplished without altering the system clock frequency using variable fractional delay filters and the digital parallelization methodology is proposed in this paper. The maximum target range that can be simulated is 20 km. As a result, memory requirements, computational complexity, and power dissipation are reduced. Finally, simulation and implementation results are presented.

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Multirate Universal Radar Target Simulator for an Accurate Moving Target Simulation

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Two-Dimensional Arbitrary Angle of Arrival in Radar Target Simulation

Two-Dimensional Arbitrary Angle of Arrival in Radar Target Simulation

A Simple and Versatile Concept to Improve Dynamic Range and Enable Target Angle Adaptability in Radar Target Simulators

High‐speed, high‐resolution methodology for portable universal radar target‐echo simulator

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