Multiple vascular malformations in head and neck - Rare case report

Abstract

Multiple venous malformations (VMs) pose some of the most difficult challenges in the practice of medicine today. Clinical manifestations of these lesions are extremely protean. Because of the rarity of these lesions, experience in their diagnosis and management by most clinicians is limited. This augments the enormity of the problem and can lead to misdiagnoses, inadequate treatment, high complication rates and poor patient outcomes. Because these lesions can recur, removal of the nidus is the main priority. Vascular malformations are best treated in medical centers where patients with these maladies are seen regularly and the team approach is utilized. The presence of intralesional nerve in arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and sometimes in VMs, as reported in this study, provides an additional diagnostic criterion that is simple and reliable and can be readily used to differentiate VMs from hemangiomas.

Intramuscular Arteriovenous Malformation in Right Masseter With Turkey Wattle Sign

“…AVM, or Arteriovenous Malformation, can be triggered by various factors such as trauma, hormonal changes, ischaemic events, and puberty. Skeletal muscle vascular tumors are rare but can occur in the head and neck region, with the masseter muscle being the most commonly affected (accounting for 4.9% of all intramuscular malformations), followed by the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles [8]. While some people may be born with AVM, it Clusters of venous channels noted within the mass measuring 17X9mm with specks of calcification.…”

Acquired arteriovenous malformation of lip occurring as an occupational hazard: A case report with review of literature

“…This classification was later redefined by Mulliken and Young and adopted by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) in 1996. [ 7 ] Now, it has recently been revised at 20 th ISSVA Workshop in Melbourne Australia, April 2014. [ 1 8 ]…”

Multiple Low Flow Vascular Malformation with Phleboliths – A Case Report

“…The overall incidence of VM is about one in 10000. 1 Although it is felt that there is no gender predisposition, one series did find a female preponderance. 15 The oral cavity (59%) and nasal cavity (35%) were the most common locations.…”

“…William Hunter was the first to describe vascular anomalies in the mid-18 th century in the context of iatrogenic formation of arterio-venous fistulas by phlebotomists. 1 Venous malformations (VMs) occur in vessels that have low blood flow and are morphologically, histologically similar to veins. 2 Early attempts at classification were based on the pathology of the lesions without considering underlying biologic behavior.…”

“…4 Which was later reclassified by Mulliken and Young and was adopted by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) in 1996; and today it is the mainly used in classification with minimal changes to the original version. 1 Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a congenital vascular malformation with a direct communication from arteries to veins with lack of normal capillary network. With its progression, AVM is capable of destroying normal tissues and can lead to complications, for instance severe disfigurement, unmanageable bleeding, ulceration, pain and cardiac volume overload.…”