Multiple stress aging of solid-dielectric extruded dry-cured insulation systems for power transmission cables

Copper diffusion in cable-insulating materials by chemiluminescence and DSC techniques

“…Coil insulations of electromagnets, power transformers or electrical cables are common examples through many other industrial applications. High-energy cables with crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation are largely used for electric power transmission since 1960s [1,2] due both to the high performances of this material and to the economic efficiency of its production [3][4][5][6]. Different substances, such as peroxides [7], silanes [8][9][10] or ionizing radiations [11][12][13][14], are regularly used as crosslinking agents.…”

A comparative investigation of electrothermal endurance models for insulating materials and systems characterization

“…Likely, a combination of these two conditions should describe failure in insulation. This is supported in [28,29], where it is claimed that electrical failure in cables having quite low design electrical stress occurs due to the presence of impurities, inhomogeneities (as contaminants, protrusions), i.e., disorder, which reduces the damage threshold of the insulating material. This effect is amplified by the presence of microvoids, which become paths for electron acceleration.…”

Insulation reliability of superconductive cables

“…The PL is extensively used in the conventional cable system and p-values (using electrical stress as a control parameter) are obtained for the following degradation processes [7,8]:  water treeing: 2 ≤ p ≤ 4  partial-discharge induced degradation: p ~ 4  contaminant effects in polymer insulation in real cable under dry conditions: 8 ≤ p ≤ 10 (often p~9 is taken as average)  deterioration mechanisms in high-purity polymer cables with smooth extruded semiconducting shields: p ≥ 15 Such p-values are usually determined by breakdown test with a ramped voltage, i.e. the electric stresses are linearly increased with time.…”