Multiple sclerosis and lifestyle factors: the Hordaland Health Study

Nortvedt, Monica Wammen; Riise, Trond; Mæland, John Gunnar

doi:10.1007/s10072-005-0498-2

Cited by 78 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Findings from case-control studies concerning the association between lifestyle factors and risk of MS have been conflicting. Our results are in accordance with those recently published from case-control studies [5,8] and cohort studies which were carried out in USA and Norway [7,9] . On the contrary, in the case-control study done in Ferrara (Italy) [6] , no significant difference was observed between MS cases and controls.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The findings from a few studies in which the relationship between drinking habits and development of MS was analyzed are rather inconsistent [9,25,26] . It has been suggested that questionnaire-based assessment of alcohol consumption in these studies is difficult because of variable measurement of alcohol intake and possible recall bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The putative role of lifestyle risk factors for MS, such as smoking and alcohol and coffee consumption, has been evaluated in several epidemiological studies [5][6][7][8][9] . The results of these studies are inconsistent, but some of them suggested an increased risk of MS among smokers [for a review, see ref .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifestyle Factors and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in Belgrade

Pekmezović

Drulović²,

Milenkovic³

et al. 2006

Neuroepidemiology

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The aim of this case-control study was to assess the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS) associated with certain lifestyle factors (cigarette smoking and coffee and alcohol consumption). The study groups consisted of 210 cases with clinically proven and/or laboratory-confirmed MS (Poser’s criteria) and an identical number of sex- and age-matched hospital controls. In the MS patients, cigarette smoking was significantly more frequent than in the controls (OR = 1.6, p = 0.021). A dose-response relationship between the risk of MS and both duration (years) of smoking (p = 0.027) and number of cigarettes smoked daily (p = 0.021) was observed. Coffee consumption was significantly more frequent in the MS group (OR = 1.7, p = 0.047), with dose-response relationships. The analysis of alcohol drinking showed a significant association between consumption of hard liquor per day and risk of MS (OR = 6.7, p = 0.026). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, smoking was detected to be a significant independent risk factor for MS (OR = 2.4, p = 0.004).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifestyle Factors and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in Belgrade

Pekmezović

Drulović²,

Milenkovic³

et al. 2006

Neuroepidemiology

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“…29,30 A recent study among 118 patients with MS found that, after diagnosis, 38% of participants stopped physical activity and many reduced frequency of activity. 31 In our study, participants could have possibly reduced physical activity in response to prediagnosis symptoms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity and the incidence of multiple sclerosis

et al. 2016

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Objective: To study whether physical activity during adulthood or early life is associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) incidence in 2 prospective cohorts of women.Methods: Women in the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (n 5 81,723; 1986-2004) and NHS II (n 5 111,804; 1989-2009) reported recent physical activity at baseline and in selected follow-up questionnaires. Using this information, we calculated total metabolic equivalent hours of physical activity per week, a measure of energy expenditure. There were 341 confirmed MS cases with first symptoms after baseline. Participants also reported early-life activity. To estimate relative rates (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), we used Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, latitude of residence at age 15, ethnicity, smoking, supplemental vitamin D, and body mass index at age 18.Results: Compared with women in the lowest baseline physical activity quartile, women in the highest quartile had a 27% reduced rate of MS (RR pooled 5 0.73, 95% CI 0.55-0.98; p-trend 0.08); this trend was not present in 6-year lagged analyses. Change in physical activity analyses suggested that women reduced activity before onset of MS symptoms. In NHS and NHS II, higher strenuous activity at ages 18-22 years was weakly associated with a decreased MS rate. However, in NHS II, total early-life activity at ages 12-22 was not associated with MS.Conclusions: Though higher physical activity at baseline was weakly associated with lower MS risk, this may have been due to women reducing physical activity in response to subclinical MS. Clinical research has found that among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with mild or moderate disability, exercise improves muscular strength and aerobic capacity and may improve mobility, fatigue, and health-related quality of life.1 Previous work has suggested exercise or physical activity might even slow progression of MS, though evidence is inconsistent.2 Exercise could potentially modify MS disease activity via multiple mechanisms, including modulating immune factors and stress hormones and mediating expression of neuronal growth factors. 3,4 Little research has assessed the association of physical activity with the risk of incident MS. 5-7Two case-control studies found that, before diagnosis, individuals with MS tended to be more physically active than controls. 5,6 Another found no difference in pre-onset physical activity levels between cases and controls.7 These studies, however, collected physical activity exposure after MS diagnosis and did not use detailed or validated questionnaires to assess physical activity. Given this background, we prospectively examined the association between physical activity during early life and during adulthood with MS incidence in 2 large cohorts of US women: the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and the NHS II (NHS II).

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“…In our study, the absence of data on smoking and BMI may have led to an overestimation of the association between MS and fracture risk. 37,38 Information on the degree of disability in patients with MS was lacking too, as well as information on the course of each patient's disease and data on medication that has been administered in hospitals. Because patients with MS in our study were included based on a hospital registration, there may have been a selection bias toward patients with more severe MS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of fractures in patients with multiple sclerosis

Bazelier¹,

Staa²,

Uitdehaag³

et al. 2012

Neurology

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Objective: To examine the risk of fracture in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) compared with population-based controls.Methods: A population-based cohort study was performed in the Dutch PHARMO Record Linkage System (1998System ( -2008. Patients with MS (n ϭ 2,415) were matched by year of birth, sex, and practice to up to 6 patients without MS (controls). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of fracture in MS. Time-dependent adjustments were made for age, history of disease, and drug use. Results

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Multiple sclerosis and lifestyle factors: the Hordaland Health Study

Cited by 78 publications

References 24 publications

Lifestyle Factors and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in Belgrade

Lifestyle Factors and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in Belgrade

Physical activity and the incidence of multiple sclerosis

Risk of fractures in patients with multiple sclerosis

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