Multiple Myo4 motors enhance <i>ASH1</i> mRNA transport in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Chung, Sunglan; Takizawa, Peter A.

doi:10.1083/jcb.200912011

Cited by 43 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Both zipcoded mRNA and cognate She2p tetramers have long been recognized to be essential for in vitro assembly of a transport-competent motor complex (15,25,34,35). Our crystal and biophysical data here clearly show that Myo4p and She3p form a 1:2 heteotrimer instead of the purported 1:1 heterodimer.…”

Section: Coupling Of Two Myo4p•she3p Heterotrimers By a Single She2pmentioning

confidence: 56%

Structure of a myosin•adaptor complex and pairing by cargo

Shi

Singh

Esselborn

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Significance To navigate large cargo through the viscous cytoplasm, cells use a variety of energy-consuming machines that, akin to ropewalkers, move on intracellular “tracks” in a stepwise “bipedal” fashion. To prevent waste of energy by futile walking, several control mechanisms have evolved. In the case described here for one group of yeast myosins, crystallographic and biophysical analyses revealed that a single myosin molecule associates with an intertwined middle region of two “adaptor” molecules. The adaptor also contains distinct binding sites for cargo. Only when cargo is attached to the myosin-bound adaptor are two of the myosin–adaptor complexes joined into a pair, akin to converting a uniped (unable to walk) into a biped (able to walk).

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Section: Coupling Of Two Myo4p•she3p Heterotrimers By a Single She2pmentioning

confidence: 56%

Structure of a myosin•adaptor complex and pairing by cargo

Shi

Singh

Esselborn

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…speed, processivity) of mRNA motion (Bullock, 2011;Gagnon and Mowry, 2011;Marchand et al, 2012). For example, the recruitment of several molecules of the myosin motor Myo4p by multiple localization elements increases the efficiency of ASH1 mRNA transport on actin filaments in yeast (Chung and Takizawa, 2010). Furthermore, dendritically transported RNPs exhibit microtubule-dependent bidirectional movement, suggesting the recruitment and the activity of opposite polarity motors (Doyle and Kiebler, 2011).…”

Section: Recruitment Of Molecular Motors and Directed Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles and roles of mRNA localization in animal development

2012

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SummaryIntracellular targeting of mRNAs has long been recognized as a means to produce proteins locally, but has only recently emerged as a prevalent mechanism used by a wide variety of polarized cell types. Localization of mRNA molecules within the cytoplasm provides a basis for cell polarization, thus underlying developmental processes such as asymmetric cell division, cell migration, neuronal maturation and embryonic patterning. In this review, we describe and discuss recent advances in our understanding of both the regulation and functions of RNA localization during animal development.Key words: RNA localization, RNA transport, Local translation, Cell polarity, Post-transcriptional gene regulation Introduction Establishment of cell polarity is crucial for the execution of developmental programmes governing key processes, including specification of cell fates, individual or collective cell movements and specialization of somatic cell types. Cell polarization depends on the asymmetric segregation of organelles and various molecules within the cell. Polarized accumulation of RNA molecules was first visualized nearly 30 years ago, when -actin mRNA was found to be asymmetrically localized within ascidian eggs and embryos (Jeffery et al., 1983). Following this, the discovery of the first localized maternal mRNAs in Xenopus (Rebagliati et al., 1985) and Drosophila oocytes (Frigerio et al., 1986;Berleth et al., 1988) provided evidence for the earlier proposal that localized RNA determinants could be responsible for early embryonic patterning (Kandler-Singer and Kalthoff, 1976). mRNAs were soon found to be asymmetrically distributed within differentiated somatic cells, such as fibroblasts (Lawrence and Singer, 1986), oligodendrocytes (Trapp et al., 1987) and neurons (Garner et al., 1988), and to colocalize with their encoded proteins, establishing intracellular transport of mRNAs as a potential mechanism used to target the production of selected proteins to discrete sites.Significant improvements in RNA detection methods led to the identification of a growing number of localized mRNAs. Still, in the early 2000s, the set of described targeted mRNAs was limited to ~100 (reviewed by Bashirullah et al., 1998;Palacios and St Johnston, 2001) and the process of mRNA localization was thought to be restricted to specific cell types. However, recent genome-wide analyses (see Table 1) have changed this view dramatically, and strongly suggest that subcellular targeting of mRNAs is a prevalent mechanism used by polarized cells to establish functionally distinct compartments (Fig. 1). Particularly striking was the discovery that >70% of the 2314 expressed transcripts analysed in a highresolution in situ hybridization screen were subcellularly localized in Drosophila embryos (Lécuyer et al., 2007). Moreover, hundreds to thousands of mRNAs have been detected in cellular compartments as diverse as the mitotic apparatus (Blower et al., 2007;Sharp et al., 2011), pseudopodia (Mili et al., 2008), dendrites (Moccia et al., 2003;Poon et a...

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“…In yeast, the association of multiple copies of monomeric, nonprocessive Myo4p [210] to ASH1 mRNA may be required for persistent movement. Indeed, a single ASH1 localization element is capable of recruiting four copies of She2p:She3p:Myo4p complex, thus creating a tetrameric motor that can take multiple steps on microfilaments before falling of the track [211]. Furthermore, increasing the number of bound Myo4 motors by inserting additional localization elements improves the localization of ASH1 mRNA to the bud tip [211].…”

Section: Increased Recruitment Of Molecular Motorsmentioning

confidence: 99%