Multiple microRNAs as biomarkers for early breast cancer diagnosis

Jang, Ji Young; Kim, Yeon Soo; Kang, Kyung Nam; Kim, Kyo Hyun; Park, Yu Jin; Kim, Chul Woo

doi:10.3892/mco.2020.2193

Cited by 72 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We summarize here some recent relevant publications. In BrCa plasma samples, combination of four miRNAs (miR-1246, miR-206, miR-24, miR-373) distinguished BrCa from healthy individuals with 98% sensitivity, 96% specificity, and accuracy of 97% [ 149 ]. A panel composed of exosomal miR-142-5p, miR-320a, and miR-4433b-5p isolated from a BrCa patient’s serum differentiated patients from their control counterparts with 93.33% sensitivity, 68.75% specificity, and AUC of 0.83 [ 135 ].…”

Section: Epigenetic Biomarkers In Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Epigenetic Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy for High Incidence Malignancies

Palanca-Ballester

Rodríguez‐Casanova

Torres

et al. 2021

Cancers

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Early alterations in cancer include the deregulation of epigenetic events such as changes in DNA methylation and abnormal levels of non-coding (nc)RNAs. Although these changes can be identified in tumors, alternative sources of samples may offer advantages over tissue biopsies. Because tumors shed DNA, RNA, and proteins, biological fluids containing these molecules can accurately reflect alterations found in cancer cells, not only coming from the primary tumor, but also from metastasis and from the tumor microenvironment (TME). Depending on the type of cancer, biological fluids encompass blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva, among others. Such samples are named with the general term “liquid biopsy” (LB). With the advent of ultrasensitive technologies during the last decade, the identification of actionable genetic alterations (i.e., mutations) in LB is a common practice to decide whether or not targeted therapy should be applied. Likewise, the analysis of global or specific epigenetic alterations may also be important as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and even for cancer drug response. Several commercial kits that assess the DNA promoter methylation of single genes or gene sets are available, with some of them being tested as biomarkers for diagnosis in clinical trials. From the tumors with highest incidence, we can stress the relevance of DNA methylation changes in the following genes found in LB: SHOX2 (for lung cancer); RASSF1A, RARB2, and GSTP1 (for lung, breast, genitourinary and colon cancers); and SEPT9 (for colon cancer). Moreover, multi-cancer high-throughput methylation-based tests are now commercially available. Increased levels of the microRNA miR21 and several miRNA- and long ncRNA-signatures can also be indicative biomarkers in LB. Therefore, epigenetic biomarkers are attractive and may have a clinical value in cancer. Nonetheless, validation, standardization, and demonstration of an added value over the common clinical practice are issues needed to be addressed in the transfer of this knowledge from “bench to bedside”.

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Section: Epigenetic Biomarkers In Breast Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer Epigenetic Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy for High Incidence Malignancies

Palanca-Ballester

Rodríguez‐Casanova

Torres

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…Thus, miR-7641 could be considered as a promising non-invasive diagnostic biomarker [188]. In addition, the combination of four miRNAs (miR-1246 + miR-206 + miR-24 + miR-373) have been shown to have a sensitivity of 98%, specificity of 96% and accuracy of 97% for BCA detection [189]. Furthermore, a ultrasensitive method was recently proposed to analyze the quantitative profile of surface protein biomarkers of exosomes by integrating mass spectrometry, imaging and gold nanoparticle-based signal amplification [190].…”

Section: Exosomes In Cancer Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes: Potential Disease Biomarkers and New Therapeutic Targets

et al. 2021

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Exosomes are extracellular vesicles released by cells, both constitutively and after cell activation, and are present in different types of biological fluid. Exosomes are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, pregnancy disorders and cardiovascular diseases, and have emerged as potential non-invasive biomarkers for the detection, prognosis and therapeutics of a myriad of diseases. In this review, we describe recent advances related to the regulatory mechanisms of exosome biogenesis, release and molecular composition, as well as their role in health and disease, and their potential use as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of their main isolation methods, characterization and cargo analysis, as well as the experimental methods used for exosome-mediated drug delivery, are discussed. Finally, we present potential perspectives for the use of exosomes in future clinical practice.

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“…Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses have been conducted to evaluate breast cancer diagnostic ability of miRNAs ( 50 , 64 – 67 ). Specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and diagnostic accuracy for the most studied individual and combined miRNAs are reported in Table 2 .…”

Section: Role Of Mirnas In Breast Cancer Risk and Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Role and Clinical Implications of microRNAs in BRCA Mutation Carriers

et al. 2021

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Women with pathogenic germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have an increased risk to develop breast and ovarian cancer. There is, however, a high interpersonal variability in the modality and timing of tumor onset in those subjects, thus suggesting a potential role of other individual’s genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors in modulating the penetrance of BRCA mutations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that can modulate the expression of several genes involved in cancer initiation and progression. MiRNAs are dysregulated at all stages of breast cancer and although they are accessible and evaluable, a standardized method for miRNA assessment is needed to ensure comparable data analysis and accuracy of results. The aim of this review was to highlight the role of miRNAs as potential biological markers for BRCA mutation carriers. In particular, biological and clinical implications of a link between lifestyle and nutritional modifiable factors, miRNA expression and germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are discussed with the knowledge of the best available scientific evidence.

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Multiple microRNAs as biomarkers for early breast cancer diagnosis

Cited by 72 publications

References 45 publications

Cancer Epigenetic Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy for High Incidence Malignancies

Cancer Epigenetic Biomarkers in Liquid Biopsy for High Incidence Malignancies

Exosomes: Potential Disease Biomarkers and New Therapeutic Targets

Biological Role and Clinical Implications of microRNAs in BRCA Mutation Carriers

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