Multiple Mating and Sperm Competition in the Lepidoptera

Drummmond, Boyce A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-652570-0.50016-6

Cited by 235 publications

(154 citation statements)

References 200 publications

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“…The perculiarly lepidopteran characteristic of producing anucleated (apyrene) as well as nucleated (eupyrene) sperm (Drummond 1984) is not obviously involved in the high male fertility load. Eupyrene and apyrene sperm counts (Gage & Cook 1994) from spermatophores recovered from eight sterile and four fertile matings revealed no significant differences among sterile and fertile matings in the number of eupyrene or apyrene sperm, or in the eupyrene : apyrene ratio.…”

Section: Results and Discussion (A) Separating Viability From Fertilimentioning

confidence: 99%

Inbreeding uncovers fundamental differences in the genetic load affecting male and female fertility in a butterfly

et al. 2004

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Inbreeding depression is most pronounced for traits closely associated with fitness. The traditional explanation is that natural selection eliminates deleterious mutations with additive or dominant effects more effectively than recessive mutations, leading to directional dominance for traits subject to strong directional selection. Here we report the unexpected finding that, in the butterfly Bicyclus anynana, male sterility contributes disproportionately to inbreeding depression for fitness (complete sterility in about half the sons from brother-sister matings), while female fertility is insensitive to inbreeding. The contrast between the sexes for functionally equivalent traits is inconsistent with standard selection arguments, and suggests that trait-specific developmental properties and cryptic selection play crucial roles in shaping genetic architecture. There is evidence that spermatogenesis is less developmentally stable than oogenesis, though the unusually high male fertility load in B. anynana additionally suggests the operation of complex selection maintaining male sterility recessives. Analysis of the precise causes of inbreeding depression will be needed to generate a model that reliably explains variation in directional dominance and reconciles the gap between observed and expected genetic loads carried by populations. This challenging evolutionary puzzle should stimulate work on the occurrence and causes of sex differences in fertility load.

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Section: Results and Discussion (A) Separating Viability From Fertilimentioning

confidence: 99%

Inbreeding uncovers fundamental differences in the genetic load affecting male and female fertility in a butterfly

et al. 2004

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“…The largest parts, predictably, contained the greatest amounts, but the highest concentration was in the simplex plus aedeagus, a portion of the reproductive system. The simplex [strictly speaking, the ductus ejaculatorius simplex (18)] is the long median duct that leads to the intromittent organ (aedeagus). The net quantity of alkaloid in the simplex/aedeagus sample (95 lzg) was The palatability data correlated with alkaloid titers in the four categories of eggs (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biparental defensive endowment of eggs with acquired plant alkaloid in the moth Utetheisa ornatrix.

Dussourd

Ubik

Harvis

et al. 1988

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

210

133

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The eggs of Utetheisa ornatrix contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids. These compounds are contributed by both parents, who sequester them as larvae from their food plants.Females receive alkaloid from the males at mating, apparently by seminal infusion, and transmit this alkaloid together with alkaloid of their own to the eggs. Field and laboratory tests showed that the alkaloids protect eggs from predators. The alkaloidal contribution of the male, although smaller than that of the female, itself provides significant egg protection. A previously identified pheromone, derived by the male from the alkaloid and emitted during precopulatory behavior, may announce the male alkaloidal worth to the female.

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“…The mechanisms controlling paternity displacement may be classified as active and passive (Drummond, 1984). Active mechanisms may be determined by the female; for example, muscular control of sperm movement and storage within the female reproductive tract, or inactivation of stored sperm by means of hormonal influences or nutritional deprivation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paternity displacement in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

et al. 1993

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Three types of double crosses were carried out to investigate sperm competition in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans. Maximum likelihood estimation of paternity probability showed a high degree of second male sperm precedence (P2 =90%). The results also showed that: (i) a single copulation may be enough for an efficient paternity displacement; (ii) males do not use sperm plugs, but they mate for a prolonged period of time to resist further copulation; and (iii) successive paternity displacements may be seen in the same female. The mechanisms controlling sperm competition in E. plorans, and the evolutionary implications of this phenomenon are discussed.

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Multiple Mating and Sperm Competition in the Lepidoptera

Cited by 235 publications

References 200 publications

Inbreeding uncovers fundamental differences in the genetic load affecting male and female fertility in a butterfly

Inbreeding uncovers fundamental differences in the genetic load affecting male and female fertility in a butterfly

Biparental defensive endowment of eggs with acquired plant alkaloid in the moth Utetheisa ornatrix.

Paternity displacement in the grasshopper Eyprepocnemis plorans

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