Piezoelectric materials
have recently demonstrated their potential
applications in clean energy exploration and environmental remediation
through triggering a number of catalytic reactions by harvesting waste
vibrational energy in the environment. In this work, unique lead-free
0.7BiFeO3–0.3BaTiO3 (BF–BT) nanoparticles
with tuned band structure were synthesized by the hydrothermal method
for use as piezoelectric catalysts to generate hydrogen by splitting
water; a high production rate of 1.322 mmol/g was achieved in 1 h,
which is 10 times higher than the production rate of pure BiFeO3. Of particular interest, BF–BT particles attached
to nickel mesh have the ability to degrade rhodamine B in flowing
water, demonstrating their potential to treat polluted water by anchoring
BF–BT in drains. Finally, we propose novel insight on the piezocatalytic
mechanism, which is based on the internal electric field (the sum
of the depolarization field and the screening charge field) that drives
electron/hole separation and movement.