Multiple domains of parental secure base support during childhood and adolescence contribute to adolescents’ representations of attachment as a secure base script

Vaughn, Brian E.; Waters, Theodore E. A.; Steele, Ryan D.; Roisman, Glenn I.; Bost, Kelly K.; Truitt, Warren; Waters, Harriet Salatas; Booth‐LaForce, Cathryn

doi:10.1080/14616734.2016.1162180

Cited by 36 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It also allows the parent to adapt to and accommodate the differing needs of particular adolescents. Even when the contributions of parental sensitivity during infancy and early childhood are controlled, parental sensitivity and monitoring during adolescence have been found to contribute to young adults’ internalization of confidence in others 1617 .…”

Section: The Task Of Parenting Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting to the changing needs of adolescents: parenting practices and challenges to sensitive attunement

Kobak

Abbott

Zisk

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Psychology

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Changes in adolescents’ motivations and capabilities pose unique challenges to parents who play a continuing role in ensuring the youth’s safety and well-being. We describe sensitively attuned parenting as an optimal response to this challenge and summarize practices of positive engagement, supervision/guidance and open communication that support sensitive attunement and facilitate the continuing development of the adolescent’s self-confidence, autonomous decision-making, and communication skills. We then consider factors that require parents to adapt their practices to the particular needs and developmental level of the adolescent. Individual differences that may challenge parent’s effectiveness in implementing these practices include: biological vulnerabilities, differential sensitivity to parenting, relationship history and temperament. Clinical interventions that seek to improve parenting offer an opportunity to test sensitive attunement as a mechanism for reducing adolescents’ symptoms and problem behaviors.

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Section: The Task Of Parenting Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adapting to the changing needs of adolescents: parenting practices and challenges to sensitive attunement

Kobak

Abbott

Zisk

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Psychology

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“…However, the SBS conceptualization is supported by an increasing number of longitudinal studies (e.g. Vaughn et al 2016), and the effects could be replicated in a limited number of clinical samples (e.g. Bosmans et al 2013a, b).…”

Section: The Secure Base Script Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adolescents: Can Attachment Theory Contribute to Its Efficacy?

Bosmans

2016

Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev

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Meta-analyses consistently demonstrate that cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) provides effective evidence-based treatment for children and adolescents with emotional and behaviour problems. Also consistent across meta-analyses is the observation that CBT treatment effects are often medium in size. This observation has instigated a search for factors that could help explain the limited treatment effects and that could be focused upon to enhance CBT treatment outcomes. The current qualitative review focuses on the parent-child attachment relationship as one factor that could be relevant to enhance CBT treatment effects. This review first acknowledges reasons why CBT has historically not been attracted to attachment theory and its postulates. Second, recent evidence is examined to evaluate whether attachment can be approached from a cognitive schema perspective. Subsequently, research is described showing how restoring attachment relationships could result in large treatment effects. Finally, this evidence is integrated in a model of attachment assessment and intervention that might be compatible with CBT. In sum, this review suggests that restoring trust in insecure parent-child attachment relationships can be integrated within CBT and could contribute to its treatment outcomes.Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) is one of the most clearly conceptualized and best-studied therapeutic approaches for treating children and adolescents (e.g. Seligman and Ollendick 2011). Years of research confirm the positive effects of CBT and demonstrate significant reductions in a variety of child and adolescent emotional and behavioural problems (Hofmann et al. 2012). Part of the strength of CBT is its dynamic nature and flexibility to addressing these problems. Consequently, during the past decades, CBT with adults has broadened its treatment emphasis from focusing solely on changing behaviour, to focusing on challenging maladaptive cognitions, and, more recently, to accepting existential emotional distress (e.g. De Houwer et al. 2016). CBT for children and adolescents has roughly followed these developments and benefited from them. This is illustrated by the increasing number of meta-analyses that confirm that CBT provides an effective treatment for a plethora of child and adolescent internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems (e.g. Reynolds et al. 2012).However, meta-analyses also suggest that effect sizes often remain small to medium in size (e.g. Cuijpers et al. 2006;Kazdin 1995;Klein et al. 2007;Reynolds et al. 2012;Silverman et al. 2008;Weisz et al. 2006;Weisz et al. 2013) and that relapse rates following treatment are quite high (e.g. 30-50 % for mood disorders, Lewinsohn et al. 1990;Brent et al. 1999). This suggests that CBT for children and adolescents might benefit from a new conceptualization and expansion of treatment goals. The current literature review aims at providing arguments that one such expansion could be restoring attachment relationships. This paper will discuss the main components of tradition...

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“…To date, studies examining processes related to secure base script development have primarily focused on acquisition rather than on organization or elaboration. For example, the origins of secure base script knowledge have been well documented with studies finding significant links between script knowledge and parenting quality across childhood in normative‐risk, high‐risk, and genetically unrelated parent–child dyads (Schoenmaker et al., ; Steele et al., ; Vaughn et al., ; Waters, Ruiz, & Roisman, ). Although it is clear that sensitive care plays an important role in the construction of attachment representations, questions pertaining to how secure base script knowledge is organized, generalized, and elaborated have gone mostly unexamined.…”

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confidence: 99%

Taxometric Analysis of Secure Base Script Knowledge in Middle Childhood Reveals Categorical Latent Structure

et al. 2019

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Taxometric investigation of scripted attachment representations in lateadolescence and adulthood suggests that variations in secure base script knowledge consist of differences in degree (dimensional latent structure) rather than differences in kind (categorical latent structure). However, the latent structure of secure base script knowledge in younger cohorts has gone unexplored. This study presents a downward extension of prior taxometric work using the middle childhood version of the Attachment Script Assessment in a cross‐sectional sample of 639 normative‐risk children (age 8 to 13 years; M = 10.77, SD = 1.06). Results suggest that secure base script knowledge in middle childhood is categorically distributed. Taxometric curves revealed three distinct taxa, highlighting discontinuity in the latent structure of scripted attachment representations across development.

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Multiple domains of parental secure base support during childhood and adolescence contribute to adolescents’ representations of attachment as a secure base script

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Adapting to the changing needs of adolescents: parenting practices and challenges to sensitive attunement

Adapting to the changing needs of adolescents: parenting practices and challenges to sensitive attunement

Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Children and Adolescents: Can Attachment Theory Contribute to Its Efficacy?

Taxometric Analysis of Secure Base Script Knowledge in Middle Childhood Reveals Categorical Latent Structure

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