Multiple-Criteria Policy Anaysis of Circular Debt in Pakistan

Ali, Musaab; Ahmed, Ahsan Bin; Ullah, Kafait; Khan, Ameema

doi:10.1109/iceet48479.2020.9048226

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…T&D losses is one of the major contributing factor of circular debt [7]. In general, financial issues of the power sector of a developing country have a devastating effect on its economy [8]. The focus of this research is to provide a techno-economical approach for the improvement of the existing transmission and distribution infrastructure of the developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensuring Reliable Operation of Electricity Grid by Placement of FACTS Devices for Developing Countries

et al. 2021

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Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) are essential devices used for the efficient performance of modern power systems and many developing countries lack these devices. Due to the non-existence of these advanced technologies, the national grid remains weak and vulnerable to power stability issues that can jeopardize system stability. This study proposes novel research to solve issues of an evolving national grid through the installation of FACTS devices. FACTS devices play a crucial role in minimizing active power losses while managing reactive power flows to keep the voltages within their respective limits. Due to the high costs of FACTS, optimization must be done to discover optimal locations as well as ratings of these devices. However, due to the nonlinearity, it is a challenging task to find the optimal locations and appropriate sizes of these devices. Shunt VARs Compensators (SVCs) and Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensators (TCSCs) are the two FACTS devices considered for the study. Optimal locations for SVCs and TCSCs are determined by Voltage Collapse Proximity Index (VCPI) and Line Stability Index (Lmn), respectively. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is employed to find the ideal rating for FACTS devices to minimize the system operating cost (cost due to active power loss and capital cost of FACTS devices). This technique is applied to IEEE (14 and 30) bus systems. Moreover, reliable operation of the electricity grid through the placement of FACTS for developing countries has also been analysed; Pakistan being a developing country has been selected as a case study. The planning problem has been solved for the present as well as for the forecasted power system. Consequently, in the current national network, 6.21% and 6.71% reduction in active and reactive power losses have been observed, respectively. Moreover, voltage profiles have been improved significantly. A detailed financial analysis covering the calculation of Operation Cost (OC) of the national grid before and after the placement of FACTS devices is carried out.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ensuring Reliable Operation of Electricity Grid by Placement of FACTS Devices for Developing Countries

et al. 2021

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Techno-economic modelling of hybrid energy system to overcome the load shedding problem: A case study of Pakistan

et al. 2022

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This paper demonstrates the application of hybrid energy system (HES) that comprises of photovoltaic (PV) array, battery storage system (BSS) and stand-by diesel generator (DGen) to mitigate the problem of load shedding. The main work involves techno-economic modelling to optimize the size of HES such that the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) is minimized. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to determine the optimum size of the components (PV, BSS). Simulations are performed in MATLAB using real dataset of irradiance, temperature and load shedding schedule of the small residential community situated in the city of Quetta, Pakistan. The LCOE for the HES system under study is 8.32 cents/kWh—which is lower than the conventional load shedding solution, namely the uninterruptable power supply (UPS) (13.06 cents/kWh) and diesel and generator system (29.19 cents/kWh). In fact, the LCOE of the HRES is lower than the grid electricity price of Pakistan (9.3 cents/kWh). Besides that, the HES alleviates the grid burden by 47.9% and 13.1% compared to the solution using the UPS and generator, respectively. The outcomes of the study suggests that HES is able to improve reliability and availability of electric power for regions that is affected by the load shedding issue.

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Multiple-Criteria Policy Anaysis of Circular Debt in Pakistan

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Ensuring Reliable Operation of Electricity Grid by Placement of FACTS Devices for Developing Countries

Ensuring Reliable Operation of Electricity Grid by Placement of FACTS Devices for Developing Countries

Techno-economic modelling of hybrid energy system to overcome the load shedding problem: A case study of Pakistan

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